多尺度界面结构协同提升W基第一壁材料服役性能及机理研究

W基材料是最有前途的聚变堆面向等离子体第一壁材料，但目前发展的W合金综合性能还远不能满足苛刻服役环境需求。本项目针对当前W基材料的低热负荷容限、强韧不足、抗辐照性能不足/等离子刻蚀显著及氢滞留高等问题，设计制备具有集微米级（～10-15μm）类柱状母晶晶界界面、亚微米（～500-1000nm）超细等轴亚晶晶界界面及细小纳米弥散强化颗粒（～20-40nm）相界界面等多尺度界面结构于一体的块体W合金，通过多尺度界面协同作用实现材料的力学性能、抗热负荷性能及抗辐照/抗等离子体刻蚀、氢滞留性能协同提升。分析材料的微结构，揭示制备、处理工艺参数对W基材料界面结构影响规律；表征材料的力学性能、抗高热负荷、抗辐照及氢同位素滞留性能，结合计算模拟，阐明多尺度界面结构共同作用对W基材料服役性能协同提升的机理，为研发高性能第一壁W基材料及其在未来聚变堆的工程应用提供科学依据。

The tungsten based materials are promising candidate of plasma facing materials (PFMs), but the performance of the developed W alloy is far away from satisfying the draconian servicing environment. This project will focus on the issues of low thermal load resistance, insufficient strength/ductility, low irradiation resistance/obvious sputtering corrosion and high hydrogen retention of the current W based candidate PFMs, designing and fabricating the bulk W alloys with coexistence of multi-scaled interface structure: micrometer scaled （～10-15μm）similar columnar grain boundary interface, sub-micrometer (～500-700nm）ultrafine equiaxial sub-grain boundary interface and ultrafine nanoscaled phase boundary interface between refined dispersed strengthening nano particles and W matrix. The purpose is to synergistically improve the mechanical properties, high thermal load resistance, irradiation resistance/plasma sputtering corrosion resistance and decrease the hydrogen retention of W alloy, at the same time to reveal the effects of fabrication and treatment technology parameters on the formation of interface structure in W based materials by analyzing the microstructure; to illustrate the mechanism of synergistic improvement of service performance by the multi-scaled interface structure on the basis of characterization the mechanical properties, high thermal load resistance, irradiation resistance and hydrogen retention as well as simulation; to provide the scientific basis for researching & developing W based PFMs with high performance and engineering application in future fusion reactor.