微纳尺度荷电液滴群强化撞击流喷雾捕集CO2流动-传质性能研究

撞击流喷雾捕集是一种集中点源CO2高效捕集技术，而喷雾塔内流场分布不均（复杂涡结构、液滴聚并及壁流现象）和液滴粒径过大（0.1-2.5 mm）是影响其捕集性能的关键。本项目拟将静电雾化技术引入撞击流喷雾捕集CO2过程，通过电场-流场协同调控，获得粒径小、单分散性好、可控性强的荷电液滴群，强化塔内流场均匀分布，提升捕集性能。拟解决：首先，通过实验观测电场-流场协同作用下气-液相界面的微尺度形貌特征和完整演化过程，揭示雾化流型的形成和转换机制；其次，改进多粒子碰撞动力学模型，实现荷电液滴、气相流场和空间电场之间的动力学协同，建立能准确描述液滴粒径分布的物理模型；在此基础上，引入相平衡和化学反应平衡，建立流动-反应协同模型；最后，结合实验与模拟结果，厘清荷电效应与尺度效应对CO2捕集性能的强化机制。获得的研究成果将为集中点源高效、低成本CO2捕集技术的工业应用提供重要的科学依据和技术支撑。

Impinging spray CO2 capture is an efficient CO2 capture technology with a crucial application prospect in centralized point source CO2 capture. The non-uniform flow field distribution (with complex vortex structure, droplet coalescence and wall-film phenomenon) and large droplet size distribution（0.1-2.5 mm） in the spray tower are key factors which hinder the effective absorption. In this project, electrostatic atomization technology is introduced into the impinging spray CO2 capture system. Charged droplets group with smaller particle size, better monodispersity and strong controllability will be obtained. Hence, the non-uniform flow field distribution is eliminated and the optimum droplet size distribution is obtained by coupling the effect of electrostatic field and flow field. To solve the problems as following: Firstly, by experimental observation of the micro-scale morphology and evolution process of gas-liquid interface, the formation and conversion mechanism of atomization pattern are revealed. Then, the multi-particle collision dynamic model is modified to achieve the dynamic coupling of charged droplets, gas-phase flow field and spatial electric field, and a physical model is established to accurately describe the droplet size distribution. On this basis, phase equilibrium and chemical reaction equilibrium are introduced to establish the flow-reaction coupling model. Finally, by combining the experimental and simulation results, the enhancement mechanism of charge effect and scale effect on the CO2 capture performance is clarified. The results will provide scientific basis and technical support for the industrial application of efficient and low-cost CO2 capture technology.