乳腺肿瘤是女性发病率最高的恶性肿瘤疾病，早期诊断无疑对治愈率和成活率都具有决定性意义。本项目将对国际学术界近期提出的乳腺肿瘤超宽带微波诊测方法从机理上进行深入研究。此技术具有定位准确、图像清晰、免于X射线辐照、无疼痛、费用低等突出优点。本项目将根据乳房内部复杂结构和电磁色散特性进行合理建模，研究色散条件下的乳腺肿瘤超宽带微波探测模型。引入时频分析、全相位谱分析、奇点展开法提取目标回波特征极点等手段，从幅度、频率、损耗、相位等参量变化特点来明确各乳腺组织对微波传输的影响，提取回波中的肿瘤信息。发展和优化反演成像算法，获得乳房重构图像能够对皮下50 mm深度范围内，尺寸小到3 mm的早期肿瘤进行正确而直观的显示。研究成果将促进超宽带微波目标检测、天线设计与小型化、信号处理与成像算法等方面的技术进步，亦将推动此技术在医疗界对早期乳腺肿瘤诊查的应用。

Breast cancer is becoming one of the primary malignant cancers which are harmful to women's health. Early detection is very significant for the survival probability of the breast cancer patients. This project will carry out the research of early breast cancer detection by ultra-wideband microwave imaging, which is very attractive in the international academic community of interdiscipline of medical information and electronic information engineering. This technoloy shows obvious advantages such as accurate, sensitive, radiationless, painless,low cost, etc.. The reasonable investigating models will established very carefully in our research according to the complex internal structure of the breast and their corresponding electromagnetic dispersion characteristics. The dispersion model will applied to approach the real freatures of the breast organisms. Time-frequency analysis, all phase spectrum analysis and singularities expansion method for extracing characteristic of poles are employed to identify the effect of microwave transmition from the impact of breast tissues. These measures will also be used to extract tumor information from the detected backscattering signals by studying the amplitude, frequency, loss, phase and other properties of the signals. Inversion imaging algorithm will be developped and optimized to obtain the reconstructed breast image. Through the investigation, the developed technology shall obtain the clear image for detecting the tumor with the small size till 3 mm in diameter and located within the scope range of 50 mm below the skin. This study will promote the technological progress of ultra-wideband microwave detection, antenna design and miniaturization, signal processing and imaging algorithms. The research results will be very essential for the application of the UWB technology in the general medical check of the early breast cancer detection.