闪电初始击穿过程电荷传输特征的观测研究

长期以来闪电在云内如何启动是困扰学术界的基础问题。通常认为闪电由双极性脉冲为特征的初始击穿过程启动。本项目申请以获取闪电初始击穿通道内电荷输送特征为目标，为此建设一个由6个高精度GPS时间同步子站构成的闪电地面电场快、慢变化和VLF/LF辐射场联合观测系统，利用低频干涉技术研究初始击穿先导云内发展通道，并以此为约束利用多站观测的地面静电场资料反演先导通道内电荷传输特征。本项目研究结果将弥补学术界对闪电初始先导传播过程中电荷输送特征的认识不足，结果将丰富学术界对闪电初始击穿过程的认识。

How lightning is initiated inside storms is a long-standing but fundamental question in lightning community. Lightning discharges typically start with a preliminary breakdown stage which is characterized by a train of bipolar pulses in electric field change records. A local network comprising of six short-spaced stations will be deployed to continuously record electrostatic fields and VLF/LF electric field produced during the preliminary breakdown process. The initial leaders of preliminary breakdown are inferred by obtaining 3-D locations with high precision for initial pulses during PB stage. After that, the charge transfer along the leader channel will be obtained from electrostatic field recorded at multiple stations. The results obtained in this project are sure to enrich knowledge regarding lightning initiation.