中国近海四种广布水母系统地理格局及其形成机制

中国海独特的历史地理过程和复杂的海洋水文环境对该地区海洋水母类种群遗传结构和系统地理格局将产生极大的影响。本项目以中国近海四种广布性水母-白色霞水母（钵水母类）、灯塔水母（水螅水母类）、球形侧腕水母（栉水母类）和大西洋五角水母（管水母类）为研究对象，综合运用线粒体COI基因序列、核糖体ITS基因序列和微卫星位点多种分子标记，结合形态学指标特征，系统研究中国近海四种水母的遗传多样性、种群遗传结构及其系统地理分布格局，探讨中国近海四种水母种群的群体历史动态，阐释更新期冰期气候变迁、当今海洋水文环境和生活史特征对四种水母种群分布扩散、基因交流和系统进化的影响机制。研究成果将深化对中国近海水母类种群遗传连通性的认识，深化对中国近海海洋生物多样性分布规律和形成机制的认识。

The China Sea has a unique geographical history and complex physical oceanographic pattern, which would influence the phylogeography and population genetic structure of marine jellyfish species. In the present project, the phylogeography patterns of four widely-distributed jellyfish species (Scyphozoa: Cyanea nozakii; Hydrozoa: Turritopsis nutricula; Ctenophore: Pleurobrachia globosa; Siphonophore: Muggiaea atlantica) in the Chinese coastal waters will be determined based on sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene, nuclear ribosomal ITS gene, microsatellite DNA and morphological characteristics. Then, the effect of the Pleistocene climatic oscillations, the prevailing ocean currents together with the life-cycle characteristics on the phylogeography and demography of the four jellyfish species will be discussed. Our results will improve our understanding of genetic connectivity of jellyfish populations and also the evolutionary mechanism of marine biodiversity.