图式语言尺度嵌套机理及其适应性设计方法——以沪宁杭地区为例

沪宁杭地区是我国江南水乡景观空间保护与现代城镇化、工业化发展碰撞最激烈的地区之一。独特的景观环境和人地关系创造了丰富的多尺度景观空间嵌套模式，形成了具有尺度嵌套结构的图式语言。尺度耦合嵌套机理和尺度适应性设计是制约景观空间保护与传承的图式语言有效应用的关键问题。随着图式语言理论与实践的体系化，依托景观的语言、景观形态学、景观生态学和风景园林规划设计等多学科理论与方法，聚焦空间尺度，遵循景观空间单元依次耦合形成整体景观空间的多尺度人文生态过程及图式语言的多尺度特征和差异，通过构建景观空间关联网络模型，开展尺度自适应相似度评价和尺度耦合度评价，研究图式语言尺度测度与效应、尺度依赖与转换、尺度耦合与嵌套等机制，揭示图式语言的尺度规律及尺度转换与嵌套的内在逻辑；并结合地方性和现代化语境，构建图式语言尺度适应性设计策略和方法，推动基于图式语言应用的景观空间有效保护与持续发展。

Hu-Ning-Hang area is one of the most typical and intensive region of collision between landscape space conservation with the representative of water-towns in south of Yangtze River and the development of modern urbanization and industrialization. Unique landscape environment and man-land relationship creates a wealth of multi-scale landscape nested patterns and forms the pattern language system with particular nested structure. The nested structure and scales-based adaptation is the big question to explore effective ways by using landscape pattern language to conserve and inherit landscape spaces. With the theory and practice systematization of pattern language, depending on the multi-disciplinary theories and methods of landscape language, landscape morphology, landscape ecology and landscape planning and design, focusing on spatial scales, based on the process of spatial units in turn coupled to form the total landscape under human ecological process at multi-scale spatial context and the characteristics and difference of pattern language corresponding to landscape space scale, built the associated network models of landscape space, evaluate the self-adaptive similarity and coupling degree, do researches on scale measurement and effects, process and scaling, coupled and nested structure of pattern language, disclose the corresponding rules and the nested inner relations between spatial scales and pattern language. Combining local and modern landscape context, form the adjustment policies and rules of pattern language scaling and nesting structure in order to promote effective protection and sustainable development of landscape spaces based on the application of pattern language.