在全球气候变化、栖息地片段化等背景下，检测与评估生物应对环境变化的适应策略及机制，对预测与鉴定处于变化热点区的脆弱种群和缓和生物多样性丢失至关重要。松江鲈（Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel, 1840）是我国二级水生野生保护动物。当前松江鲈种群持续性受栖息地片段化限制，受全球气候变化和栖息地退化威胁，各地理群体间存在显著的适应性分化，是研究水生生物适应气候变化和人类活动导致的多变环境的理想模式物种。本项目拟利用多组学（全基因组重测序、转录组和蛋白组）联合分析方法，以我国沿海六个松江鲈适应性野生群体和两个热胁迫群体为研究对象，构建松江鲈基因组序列图谱，鉴别其基因组中受选择的关键基因、差异表达的关键转录本和蛋白质，解析群体间适应性分化和可塑性差异及其驱动因子，为评估气候变化和人类活动对松江鲈的影响及适应潜力的预测奠定理论基础，为松江鲈保护和管理方案的制定提供科学依据。

Understanding the strategies and mechanisms for adaptation responding to rapid environmental changes under the influences of global climate change and habitat fragmentation, is vital for identifying vulnerable populations at risk of extinction and mitigating the loss of biodiversity. The roughskin sculpin (Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel), is a second class state protected aquatic animal in China. Currently, the long-term persistence of roughskin sculpin populations is trapped by habitat fragmentation and threatened by the combination of rapid climate changes as well as habitat degradation. Genome-wide SNP of our previous project provided evidence for adaptive divergence of roughskin sculpin. Thus, roughskin sculpin represents a good system for examining strategies and mechanisms for adaptation responding to environmental changes and in the context of conservation. In the present project, we using multi-omics (whole-genome resequencing, transcriptome and proteome) to: 1) assess adaptive genetic variation and expression variation in six adaptively divergent populations, 2) test whether gene expression variance within populations was correlated with levels of standing genetic diversity, 3) compare transcriptome and proteome differences responding to heat stress between two typical adaptive populations in high and low temperature habitats, 4) reveal the interplay between adaptive divergence and plasticity. These results will not only provide insights into the potential impact of global climate changes, anthropogenic destruction as well as the prediction of the adaptive potential of roughskin sculpin, which can be extended to other aquatic organisms and provides basic information for fisheries conservation and management of roughskin sculpin.