巨噬细胞极化为M2巨噬细胞在心力衰竭（HF）心肌纤维化中发挥着重要作用，抑制巨噬细胞极化是防治HF心肌纤维化的新策略，但调控巨噬细胞极化的机制尚未阐明，探索调控巨噬细胞极化的机制将为防治HF心肌纤维化寻找到新的靶点。近年来，HMGB1、RAGE、自噬在HF心肌纤维化中的作用受到重视，研究表明HMGB1/RAGE具有调控自噬和巨噬细胞极化的作用，因此HMGB1/RAGE-自噬调控巨噬细胞极化可能在HF心肌纤维化中发挥着重要作用。益气温阳活血利水法是中医防治心力衰竭的主要治法，可能具有调节HMGB1/RAGE-自噬机制抑制巨噬细胞极化为M2巨噬细胞防治HF心肌纤维化的作用。本研究拟在细胞和动物水平,利用流式细胞技术、单细胞免疫印迹、病毒转染、超高分辨率荧光显微镜等方法，研究HMGB1/RAGE-自噬调控巨噬细胞极化在HF心肌纤维化的作用，以及益气温阳活血利水法干预该机制防治HF心肌纤维化的作用

M2 macrophage polarization plays an important role in the development of heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. Inhibition of macrophage polarization may be a novel therapeutic strategies for heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. However, the upstream regulatory of macrophage polarization remain unclear. It is beneficial for finding the new therapeutic target to clarify the mechanism. Recently, a lot of attention has been focused on the roles of HMGB1, RAGE and autophagy in heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. The results of some studies suggested HMGB1/RAGE could regulate autophagy and macrophage polarization. So Macrophage polarization mediated by HMGB1/RAGE-autophagy have been proposed as important mechanism involved in the development and progression of heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. Benefiting qi, warming yang, activating blood and promoting diuresis is the main treatment of heart failure in traditional Chinese medicine. Benefiting qi, warming yang, activating blood and promoting diuresis may regulate M2 macrophage polarization mediated by HMGB1/RAGE-autophagy in heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. In the project, we will explore the roles of M2 macrophage polarization mediated by HMGB1/RAGE-autophagy mechanism in heart failure and cardiac fibrosis in vivo and in vitro, and the effect on M2 macrophage polarization mediated by HMGB1/RAGE-autophagy of Benefiting qi, warming yang, activating blood and promoting diuresis in heart failure and cardiac fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. The results of this project will provide the theoretical basis and experimental evidence for the role of M2 macrophage polarization mediated by HMGB1/RAGE-autophagy in heart failure, the therapeutic role of Benefiting qi and warming yang, activating blood and promoting diuresis via regulating M2 macrophage polarization HMGB1/RAGE-autophagy.