性别决定与分化机制的系统阐释是实现水产生物性别控制的前提。半滑舌鳎是我国北方沿海重要的经济鱼类，具有典型的性别生长二态性，雌雄生长差异巨大。因此，半滑舌鳎是研究性别决定以及性别控制技术的优良载体。前期研究表明，半滑舌鳎具有Z染色体连锁的雄性决定基因dmrt1，且外泌体中的miRNA具有标识性别的功能。由此我们推测外泌体作为细胞间信息传递的工具，可能介导了miRNA调控dmrt1进而影响半滑舌鳎性别决定与分化的过程。因此本研究以外泌体递送miRNA为切入点，首先筛选靶向调控半滑舌鳎dmrt1基因的miRNA，明确miRNA调控dmrt1的分子机理，利用细胞纳米微孔道电刺激技术高效制备包含miRNA的外泌体，进而以卵巢外泌体递送miRNA的方式调控dmrt1的表达，从细胞和活体水平检测对半滑舌鳎性别分化的影响，从而丰富我们对鱼类性别分化途径的认知，为半滑舌鳎高雌苗种培育技术提供新的解决方案。

A comprehensive interpretation on the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation is prerequisite for sex control in aquaculture. Chinese tongue sole is an economically important fish in northern coast of China. It is of typical growth sexual dimorphism and thus, being desirable model for sex determination and sex control among the teleost species. Previous studies showed that the dmrt1 residing on the chromosome Z is the male determining gene in Chinese tongue sole and the exosomal miRNAs could be used as biomarkers in reflection of sex. Hence, we presumed that the exosomal miRNAs could mediate sex determination and differentiation by targeting dmrt1, in which process exosomes may work as carriers for cell-to-cell communication. Therefore, using exosomes as miRNA carriers, the present study intends to confirm the candidate miRNAs inhibiting dmrt1 in Chinese tongue sole and then decipher their molecular mechanisms. Moreover, cellular nanoporation techniques will be utilized to produce ovarian exosomal miRNAs for efficient posttranscriptional regulation of dmrt1, and analysis both in vivo and in vitro will be conducted to reveal the effect of exosomal miRNAs on sex differentiation in Chinese tongue sole. The results of this research will enrich our understanding of sex differentiating pathways in fish and provide new solutions to increase female population in Chinese tongue sole.