儿童颅骨缺损在临床上比较常见，自体骨修复是理想的选择，但是由于骨量少限制了临床运用，致使研发具有再生能力的人工骨成为目前的研究热点。新近研究发现，mir-214在骨形成与降解过程中起着重要的作用，其通过影响相应的靶基因来促进或抑制骨分化作用。mir-214可以调控OCN和ALP等的表达，此外其还与血管的生成有密切的关系；同时我们的前期研究发现在幼龄小型猪颅骨缺损模型新生骨中OCN和ALP的表达较中较正常颅骨低，新生骨结构尚未完全成熟，骨小梁结构不规律，骨量少，生物力学性能弱。综合已有研究结果，我们推测mir-214可能在新生骨的形成中起着一定的作用，通过调控mir-214可以增强OCN、ALP等调节因子的表达，增强新生血管形成的能力，促进新生骨的形成及改建。 本研究将重点检测mir-214在新生骨中的表达，mir-214的拮抗剂及激动剂对mir-214表达的影响以及不同表达水平的mir-2

Children cranial defects are common in clinic, autologous bone repair is an ideal choice, but due to low bone mass limits the clinical application, the research and development with regenerative ability of artificial bone has been becoming the current research focus. Recent studies have found that through the corresponding target genes to promote or inhibit bone differentiation, mir - 214 plays an important role in the process in of bone formation and degradation. mir - 214 can regulate the expression of OCN and ALP, its also have close relationship with the formation of blood vessels; at the same time our previous studies have found that in the new bone the expression of OCN and ALP was lower than those of normal skull in young miniature pig skull defect model, new bone structure is not fully mature, irregular bone trabecular structure, bone mass, the weak biomechanical properties. Integrating existing research results, we hypothesize that: mir - 214 May be plays a certain role in the formation of new bone, through the regulation of mir - 214 can enhance regulating factor expression, such as,OCN, ALP, promotes the formation of new bone and reconstruction. This study will focus on detection of mir - 214 in the new bone expression, the influence of antagonists and agonists to the expression of mir - 214, the relationship between different expression level of the mir - 214 and new bone osteogenesis, explore the role and mechanism of mir - 214 in the process of young miniature pig new skull bone formation, provide a new mentality for the research of bone regeneration.