手足口病是近年来严重危害公共健康的传染性疾病，至今尚无有效的特异性药物。一系列天然防御因子，如APOBEC3家族蛋白等与病毒之间的相互作用，是国际科学界研究热点，而关于肠道病毒与天然防御因子之间相互作用机制的研究至今未见报道。本研究基于在APOBEC3家族蛋白和肠道病毒方面坚实的工作基础，将二者结合起来，前期首次确定了APOBEC3G抑制肠道病毒的作用，以及其可能不同于抑制逆转录病毒的作用机制；并且确定了肠道病毒中拮抗防御因子的关键病毒蛋白。本研究拟深入研究他们之间相互作用的分子机制，不仅拓展了天然防御因子的作用范围和作用机制，同时开启了小RNA病毒如何利用其编码蛋白拮抗宿主的抗病毒作用和作用机制的研究。以上重大科学问题的解决，为研制开发针对新靶点的自主知识产权的创新性药物研制提供了理论基础。

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease is an infectious disease that poses a great threat to public health in recent years.However, there is no specific medicine at present.The interactions between some viruses and host restrictive factors, APOBEC3G,for example,are the most frontier and hot scientific problems all over the world, however the discussion of the interaction between enteroviruses and host restrictive factors is relatively rare to date.Until now based on our solid researches in APOBEC3 family and enteroviruses previously, we combined achievements in both fields and discovered that APOBEC3G could suppress EV71 in RD cells and HEK293T cells for the first time. The mechanism of suppression might be different from that in restricting HIV. Our research aims to discover the mechanism of interaction between APOBEC3G and enteroviruses. It will not only extend the range of the function and role of the restrictive factors, but also reveal how picornaviruses can make use of their encoding proteins to antagonise the host’s antiviral reactions and the related mechanisms. Solving the above problems will provide the foundation of developing new targeted medicine with intellectual property and will further benefit the treatment of enteroviruses infections significantly.