高可靠性表面精密加工已成为保障超（超）临界汽轮机高温叶片、核电机组主驱动杆、高精密光学元件等核心零件长期、稳定服役的必要条件。切削液是除材料、机床、刀具外，影响表面加工质量与长期服役性能的决定性因素。相比国外深入机理研究或严密试验统计，国内对于切削液作用的认识仍集中在宏观润滑冷却等传统的应用研究范围，造成基础性的、方法论层面的差距。本申请以汽轮机高温合金叶片高可靠性表面的精密加工为载体，在微观尺度材料演变为重点，研究切削液与高温合金间的理化作用机理，揭示材料去除瞬间大梯度条件、服役期苛刻条件下切削液及其残留对表层组织演化、缺陷产生与发展的影响规律；建立切削液静态保持、动态切削条件下的基础数据模型与可扩展框架，从确定性规律演绎和大量试验数据统计两方面进行切削液作用的定量分析。本课题成果将为以高温合金叶片为代表的高可靠性表面加工中切削液的综合评价、性能控制与工程应用提供理论基础与完整数据模型。

Precision machining for high reliable surface has become the necessary requirement of long-term and stable service of key components, e.g. ultra-supercritical steam turbine blade, driving rod in nuclear power unit, high precision optical components, etc. Cutting fluid has a deciding influence on the surface quality as well as material, machine tools and cutting tools. Comparing with international research on systematic mechanism and rigorous trial statistics, the engineering application on traditional lubrication and cooling effect in macro scale has been the domestic focus, which results in difference on fundamental and methodology in between. This proposal will investigate the mechanism and effect of the cutting fluids on the precision machining of high reliable surface for superalloy blades with focus on material evolution in micro scale. The variation of microstructure and defects affected by the cutting fluid and its remaining will be revealed with the consideration of material removal and in-service conditions. The fundamental model and expandable framework of basic data on cutting fluid will be established, and the quantitative analysis conducted based on the methodology of deterministic deduction and massive trial statistics. The achievement will provide a theoretical foundation and comprehensive data support for cutting fluid, and benefit its performance assessment, control and application for high reliable surface machining.