基于AIMS的高精度K镜消旋技术研究

大型天文望远镜中存在由于不同坐标系转换造成的物方视场旋转和望远镜内部光路中折轴平面反射镜之间的相对转动造成的像方视场旋转。为了提高空间分辨率和获得稳定的图像，需对视场旋转进行补偿(消旋)。利用高精度K镜消旋是我国大型天文望远镜建设的关键技术。本项目研究将通过光学设计优化，误差分析与数学建模，以及K镜高精度调节结构设计，为K镜高精度装调提供依据和途径。通过自准直原理以及像点运动轨迹判定，完成K镜光轴、旋转轴以及望远镜光轴的同轴安装。本研究将完成一套原理样机，实现大口径望远镜高质量高稳定性观测图像获取，为国家自然科学基金重大仪器项目“用于太阳磁场精确测量的中红外观测系统”（AIMS）提供支持，也可用于其他具有类似功能需求的大型天文望远镜。

Two kinds of field rotation occur in large optical telescopes. One is caused by the coordinate transformation between horizontal coordinate system and equatorial coordinate system; the other is caused by the mutual rotation among fold mirrors in telescope. In order to get a high spatial resolution and stationary image, field rotation compensation is required. Now K mirror technology, as an image derotator, is widely applied in large aperture telescopes and is being the important developing direction for the giant astronomical telescopes construction plan of China. In this program, the precision adjustment is carefully considered from the point of optical design to mechanical design. Using the principle of auto-collimation and the approximation of the moving track of the image, the tree axis including the rotating axis and optical axis of K mirrors as well as the optical axis of the telescope, will be accurately assembled to be coaxial. This program will supply a prototype of K mirror system to get a stationary and high-quality observation images for the telescope. The research will provide AIMS program with technical support and also can be used to the other similar large aperture telescope in China.