润湿性导向电沉积自支撑铁族金属膜多结构-析氢性能协调机制

催化活性高、波动性大电流稳定性好的自支撑非贵金属析氢电极是可再生能源驱动的水电解制氢过程节能的迫切需求。水溶液金属电沉积是制备自支撑薄膜状催化剂的最佳方法。然而，伴随的氢气泡析出-分离几乎不可避免，对薄膜构效调控起关键作用。现有金属电沉积侧重于宏观工艺的规律性研究，没有从决定气泡吸附分离的本质性质即润湿性出发，来认识电沉积金属表面结构的演化机制，致使薄膜构效定向调控难。本项目提出润湿性导向电沉积多结构自支撑铁族金属薄膜析氢电极新方法，重点研究润湿性对电沉积铁族金属膜多结构演变的作用规律，明确润湿性调节下气泡析出-金属还原动力学，解析差异性微纳结构形成与动态演变的长效性原理，阐释润湿性的导向机制，掌握催化活性和大电流稳定性匹配协调的自支撑铁族金属薄膜结构及其导向电沉积方法。本项目将为定向制备综合性能优异的析氢电极提供理论指导，也可扩展应用于可控电沉积平整-粗糙-多孔的多功能金属薄膜。

The self-supported and non-noble metal catalysts with high activity and good stability at fluctuant and large current density for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are urgently needed for water electrolysis driven by renewable energy. Metal electrodeposition in aqueous solution is the best method to prepare self-supported catalysts. However, the adsorption and separation of hydrogen bubbles is indispensable due to hydrogen evolution side reaction during electrodeposition, which will affect the structure and properties of metal films. At present, However, at present, the most of studies were focused on the effect regularities of various conditions on metal electrodeposition. The wettability is the key factor to determine the adsorption and separation of bubbles. The evolution regularity of surface structure of electrodeposited metal films is not understood based on the adjustment of wettability. Therefore, the structure and properties of electrodeposited metal films can not be adjusted accurately. In this item, a novel method that self-supported iron-group metal films as HER electrode with various structures are electrodeposited based on the adjustment function of wettability is proposed. The relationships between wettability and surface structures of electrodeposited metal films are studied. The evolution regularities of metal reduction kinetics and bubble separation characteristics during metal electrodeposition are investigated. The formation mechanism of different mirco-nano structure is analyzed. The long-term effects of wettability on the evolution of micro-nano structure are analyzed. The adjustment mechanism of surface structure of electrodeposited metal films by wettability is discussed. The suitable structure and preparation method of self-supported iron-group metal films with the coordinated catalytic activity and stability at large current density are obtained. By this item, it provides theoretical direction for the preparation of HER electrode with good properties. The method also can be applied to fabricate compact-rough-porous metal films with various structure and properties.