青少年抑郁严重危害该人群的健康状况，认知易感素质及执行功能均与抑郁密切关联，但具有不同认知易感素质特征的青少年发生抑郁的危险性及其执行功能机制尚不清楚。本研究在抑郁情绪与认知易感素质（认知方式、功能失调性态度和冗思）横断面研究基础上，建立中学生抑郁情绪的认知易感素质多维暴露模式；通过对中学生抑郁情绪与认知易感素质多维暴露模式为期2年的前瞻性队列研究，验证两者的因果关系，比较不同认知易感素质暴露模式导致抑郁情绪发生的危险性，识别导致抑郁情绪发生的认知易感素质特征与“超高危人群”，为青少年抑郁的病因学和预防干预研究提供依据；在队列研究的基础上采用巢式病例对照研究对新发抑郁和无抑郁情绪的学生进行ERP、ANT、WCST及TOL测试，探讨认知易感素质多维暴露模式导致中学生抑郁情绪发生的执行功能机制及不同暴露模式下执行功能机制的异同点，为青少年抑郁的认知易感素质领域病因学研究提供神经心理学依据。

Depression heralds severe adverse health consequences for adolescents. While cognitive vulnerability and executive function are all causal agents in adolescent depression, however, the potential risk of depression among adolescents with different cognitive vulnerability and the exact executive function mechanisms linking both remain unclear. In this study, multidimensional exposure pattern was constructed based on exposure content and dose after cross-sectional survey on depressive symptoms and cognitive vulnerability (including cognitive style, dysfunctional attitudes and rumination) among high school students in Hefei. Two years prospective cohort study will be carried out to determine effects of joint exposure to multidimensional cognitive vulnerability on the risk of depressive symptoms (follow-up 3 times, interval of six months), to confirm the causal relationship between the joint exposure pattern to multidimensional cognitive vulnerability and depressive symptoms, and to compare relative risk of depressive symptoms among different exposure pattern of cognitive vulnerability which aims to provide scientific evidence for early detection of high risk subgroup. Nested case-control design was added to the cohort study. By using event-related potential (ERP), Attention Networks Test (ANT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Tower of London (TOL) among students with and without depressive symptoms, possible role of executive function on the association of joint exposure pattern to multidimensional cognitive vulnerability and depressive symptoms will be discussed. All these results would provide neuropsychological evidences for the cognitive vulnerability etiology of depression among adolescents.