旋转反射速度(RRV)方法的深入研究

最近美加学者提出了测量主带小行星距离的旋转反射速度(RRV)方法：仅仅通过单一台站相邻两个晚上观测的CCD图像资料就可以导出精确的距离。我们对该方法进行了初步改进，并用实测资料证实了新方法具有更小的误差。本项目拟对该方法进行深入的理论研究和推广应用。具体地，我们将考虑观测过程中小行星距离随时间的变化以及高精度较差颜色折射的影响，以便进一步提高主带小行星距离测量精度并逐步推广到近地小行星的高精度距离测量。本项目将依托国内几架大口径望远镜（如云南天文台1米、2.4米望远镜和威海天文台1米望远镜等）进行试验观测，不断改进和完善新方法；充分发挥本项目组高精度天体测量的优势并结合空间时代Gaia天体测量卫星的最新进展得到高精度的试验观测数据；项目的成功将对未来我国大口径望远镜观测太阳系天体进行太阳系起源演化的研究，包括行星物理的研究，具有基础的意义。

Very recently, scholars from the United States and Canada proposed the rotational reflect velocity method for calculating distances to the main-belt asteroids: using only two nights data from a single observatory to derive a precise distance. We has been improved the method and the new solution shows a smaller error. We will carry out deep theoretical study and application of the method. Specifically, we will consider the change of distance with time during the observations and the effect of differential color refraction in order to improve the distance precision of the faint main belt asteroid and the near Earth asteroid. We shall make experimental observations by applying time for several big-diameter telescopes (Yunnan observatory 1 meter telescope, 2.4 meter telescope and Weihai observatory 1 meter telescope) in China, improve the new method continually; display our advantages of high precision astrometry and combine the latest progresses in the space astrometric era (such as Gaia astrometric satellite); the success of this project will be of fundamental value to the origin and evolution of the solar system in China in future, including the study of planetary physics.