基于"以方测证"理论的心衰大鼠模型中医证型研究

心衰动物模型可以模拟人类心衰的过程和特征，目前已应用多种方法建立了几种较成熟的心衰动物模型。人类心衰存在不同的中医证型，心衰动物模型也应有证型的差异，我们推测这种差异可能与造模方法有关。本研究采用成熟的造模方法建立4种晚期心衰大鼠模型，以参附注射液和参麦注射液为药物，应用"以方测证"法，以每种模型的生存率为统计指标，推测4种动物模型是否为阳虚证或气阴两虚证；然后检测动物的血流动力学指标，观察心肌组织形态学情况，ELISA法检测血清血管紧张素Ⅱ、内皮素-1、去甲肾上腺素和NT-proBNP水平， Western Blot和RT-PCR法分别检测大鼠心肌组织血管紧张素Ⅱ受体1、内皮素-1、β1肾上腺素能受体蛋白和mRNA的表达水平。通过本研究初步探讨不同心衰动物模型是否存在证型差异，是否存在微观指标与中医证型相关，探寻心衰中医证候本质特征，为临床中药制剂合理应用提供实验依据。

Animal heart failure model can mimic the process and characteristics of human heart failure. At present, several mature animal models of heart failure had been established by different methods.There exists different types of TCM syndrome among patients of heart failure, and so does the animal models. We guess that this distiction may be due to the methods of establishing model.In this study, we try to infer whether it is yang deficiency or dual-deficiency of qi and yin according to "symdrome detection by formula" method by administering Shen-Fu injection and Shen-Mai injection on four advanced rat models of heart failure and using survial rate as outcomes.Then, blood flow dynamics and myocardial tissue morphology were observed and recorded. Meanwhile, serum angiotensin Ⅱ, endothelin-1, norepinephrine and NT-proBNP are tested by ELISA, and the expressions of protein and mRNA of AT1 receptor, endothelin-1 and β1 adrenergic receptor in myocardial tissue are detected by western blot and RT-PCR.Through the study, we are aimed to explore whether animal models of heart failure exist discrepancies of sydrome, whether the differences of syndromes are related with the methods of animal models, and whether some specific indicators are concerned with TCM syndromes, find essence of syndrome in heart failure and provide evidence for rational use of TCM medications.