石墨烯载高熵合金纳米粒子形成机理及定向精准设计

针对目前高熵合金纳米材料制备技术面临的挑战、以及高熵合金纳米粒子形成机理和物相有效控制机制存在的科学问题，申请人独辟蹊径在制备方法上创新，采用雾化干燥法结合煅烧还原技术，以及利用双球差校正透射电镜原位生长观察，深入研究以上科学问题。主要揭示雾化参数与煅烧参数分别对氧化石墨烯载前驱体纳米粒子和高熵合金纳米粒子的粒径和物相的影响规律，揭示贵金属Pt、Ru、Ir等元素对高熵合金纳米粒子形成的关键作用机理，阐明高熵合金纳米粒子的生长机制以及物相结构精准设计的关键因素与规律，建立一种简单、高效、大规模制备和可实现包含贵金属、过渡金属、难熔金属多种元素（Pt、Co、Ru、Fe、Ni、W、Cu、Rh、Pd、Ir、Re和Mo）精确设计和控制高熵合金纳米粒子组分和物相结构的制备技术。本项目的运行可对高熵合金纳米材料元素组成和物相结构进行精准设计和控制，为我国高熵合金纳米材料的发展提供科学依据和奠定基础。

In view of the present preparation challenges of high-entropy-alloys nanoparticles (HEA-NPs), as well as the scientific problems in the formation mechanism of HEA-NPs and the effective control mechanism of phase structure, the applicant takes the innovation on the preparation methods and employs spray drying combined with thermal decomposition reduction technology and observation of in situ growth by double spherical correction transmission electron microscope to research scientific problems above in deeply. The effects of spray parameters on the particle size, phase and element distribution of precursors nanoparticles on GO and the effects of calcination parameters on the particle size and phase of HEA-NPs are revealed. The key action mechanism of precious metals such as Pt, Ru and Ir on the formation of HEA-NPs is uncovered, and the growth mechanism of HEA-NPs and the key rules on precise design of phase structure are expounded. A advanced preparation technique for the precise design and control of the composition and phase structure of HEA-NPs containing precious metals, transition metals, refractory metals (Pt, Co, Ru, Fe, Ni, W, Cu, Rh, Pd, Ir, Re and Mo) will be established. And the technology has the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, controllability, universality and large-scale preparation. The operation of this project can accurately design and control the elemental composition and phase structure of HEA-NPs, which provides a scientific basis and lays a foundation for the development of HEA-NPs in our country.