光敏感文物照明损伤机理和最低损伤LED光谱优化

针对书画、古籍、染色丝织品等光敏感文物的照明损伤机理不明，以及导致的保护性照明光源缺失问题开展研究：①以10种不同波段窄带光作为实验光源、以36种光敏感文物材料作为实验样本、以曝光量作为实验变量开展照射实验，周期性检测样本参数变化以评价材料受损程度；②构建评价参数随波长和曝光量的三维变化曲面，明确“材料种类-光源光谱-曝光数量-损伤程度”之间的量化关系，揭示照明损伤机理；③对曲面进行多项式拟合，得到36种材料的损伤度计算方程组，通过方程组关联重构建立综合函数模型，实现照明损伤机理的数学描述；④基于该模型计算通过穷举法获得的所有LED光谱的损伤值，并对光谱进行显色性评估，建立满足显色要求、针对不同文物的最低损伤LED光谱数据库，为实现最佳照明保护效果提供支持。本研究在揭示照明损伤机理的基础上建立最优光谱数据库，通过关键科学问题的解决促使理论成果走向应用，对保护文化遗产具有理论与现实意义。

In view of the unclear mechanism of lighting damage of light-sensitive cultural relics, such as calligraphy and painting, ancient books, dyed silk and so on, and the resulting lack of protection methods, the research was carried out: ①ten kinds of narrowband light of different wavebands were used as experimental light source, 36 kinds of light-sensitive cultural relic materials were used as experimental samples, lighting experiment was conducted with exposure as the experimental variable in groups. The changes in sample parameters were detected periodically to evaluate the degree of material damage; ②the three-dimensional surface of evaluation parameters changing with wavelength and exposure was constructed to clarify the quantitative relationship between "material type-light source spectrum -exposure quantity-damage degree" and reveal the damage mechanism of lighting. ③The damage degree equations of 36 kinds of materials are obtained by fitting the surfaces with two-dimensional polynomials. The comprehensive function model is established through the correlation reconstruction of the equations to realize the mathematical expression of the damage mechanism of lighting; ④The model is used to calculate the damage value of all the LED spectrum obtained by brute-force search, and the color rendering of the spectrum is calculated. The lowest damage LED spectrum database meeting the color rendering requirements and aiming at different cultural relics is established to provide support for the realization of the optimal lighting effect. This study establishes the optimal spectrum database based on revealing the mechanism of lighting damage and promotes the application of theoretical results through the solution of critical scientific problems, which has theoretical and practical significance for the protection of the authenticity of cultural heritage.