基于石墨烯的FeNi合金复合吸波材料的构筑及其电磁屏蔽性能研究

电磁辐射污染不仅会干扰电磁控制系统、导致电子设备故障，还会给人体健康带来重大隐患。本项目拟用石墨烯对FeNi合金纳米粒子进行包裹来制备新型高性能电磁屏蔽材料。石墨烯的包裹不仅能够提高FeNi合金纳米粒子在涂层中的分散性，使吸波材料的屏蔽性能更加稳定、优异，还能有效阻隔合金纳米粒子外界的复杂环境，防止纳米粒子的氧化失效。此外，石墨烯与FeNi合金的复合不但实现了电磁材料介电损耗与磁损耗的高效结合，而且二者间的协同效应还能够有效地拓宽电磁波的屏蔽频宽。另外，石墨烯自身的高导热性可以将由电磁波转化成的热能迅速传导到外界环境，从而避免屏蔽材料因局部过热而导致的寿命缩短现象。本项目拟系统地研究石墨烯包裹程度、杂元素掺杂等因素对石墨烯表面电子的调变，以及FeNi合金纳米粒子的组分、粒径和结构等因素与其电磁辐射屏蔽性能的内在关联，为制备轻质、稳定、高性能的电磁屏蔽涂层材料提供坚实的理论基础。

Electromagnetic radiation pollution not only interferes with the electromagnetic control system, leading to the malfunction of electronic equipments, but also poses a major hidden danger to human health. The project intends to use graphene to encapsulate FeNi alloy nanoparticles to prepare advanced electromagnetic shielding materials with high performance. This strategy can not only improve the dispersion of FeNi alloy nanoparticles, which makes better performance and stability of the composite materials, but also insulate the alloy nanoparticles from the harsh environment effectively, avoiding the oxidation of the alloy nanoparticles. Besides, the composition of graphene and FeNi alloy will realize the efficient combination of dielectric loss and magnetic loss of electromagnetic materials, and the synergistic effect between them can also effectively broaden the shielding bandwidth of electromagnetic waves. Moreover, the excellent thermal conductivity of graphene enable the rapid transfer of heat converted from electromagnetic waves to the environment, which avoids the phenomenon that the service life of the shielding material is shortened due to the local overheating. The project intends to study the encapsulation degree and doping of graphene on its surface electron modulation systematically. Furthermore, the influence of the composition, size and structure of FeNi alloy nanoparticles on .the electromagnetic shielding performance will be studied as well, thus providing a theoretical basis for the preparation of light, stable and high-performance electromagnetic shielding coating materials.