云南糯玉米地方品种中食味品质关键基因的发掘与利用

糯玉米起源于中国，中国拥有丰富的糯玉米资源。而云南一直被认为是中国糯玉米的起源中心和多样性中心，在云南地区形成了具有的特殊食味品质糯玉米地方品种。正是由于特殊食味品质的原因，目前在云南地区依然有相当种植面积的糯玉米地方品种被保留。云南糯玉米资源是糯玉米品质改良的重要材料，然而其中蕴含的食味品质相关基因还不清楚。waxy基因控制直链淀粉的合成，是影响食味品质的关键基因。本研究计划以405份云南糯玉米地方品种为基础材料，通过分子标记技术鉴定其中所包含的不同类型waxy等位基因，利用RT-PCR和Western Blot技术分析不同类型waxy基因的表达变化；利用DNA pulldown结合蛋白质谱分析鉴定waxy基因的调控基因，利用qRT-PCR分析其在淀粉合成途径中存在的协同调控作用；最后利用基因水平的关联分析建立基因与食味品质的关系。本研究的完成可以为云南糯玉米在育种上的利用提供理论基础。

Waxy maize (Zea mays L. var. certaina Kulesh) originated in China, which has rich waxy maize resources. Yunnan Province has been considered as the origin and diversity center of Chinese waxy maize. In Yunnan, waxy maize landraces with special taste quality was formed. Because of the special taste quality, there are still a lot of waxy maize landraces in Yunnan Province. Waxy maize resources in Yunnan Province are important materials for improving the taste quality of waxy maize. However, the taste quality genes in landraces are not clear. Waxy gene, which controls the synthesis of amylose, is the key gene affecting the taste quality of waxy maize. In this study, 405 waxy maize landraces from Yunnan were used as basic materials to identify the different types of waxy alleles by molecular marker technology, and to analyze the expression changes of different types of waxy genes by RT-PCR and Western blot; DNA Pulldown and protein mass spectrometry were used to identify the regulatory genes of waxy gene, qRT-PCR was used to analyze the synergistic regulatory in starch synthesis pathway. Finally, the relationship between genes and taste quality was established by gene level correlation analysis. The completion of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of Yunnan waxy maize in breeding.