20世纪现代暖期南极冰盖积累率呈显著增加趋势，减缓了大约10mm全球海平面上升。然而尚不清楚现代暖期之前南极冰盖积累率时空变化规律，以及与现代暖期积累率变化的异同。本项目拟利用收集整理的南极冰芯代用资料，在质量控制和区域代表性评估基础上，结合多种再分析资料和区域气候模式，完善重建算法，高分辨率重建过去500年南极冰盖积累率时空格局，定量评估其不确定性。探究过去500年小冰期气候阶段内积累率长期趋势及区域差异，阐明其不同时间尺度上变化的空间格局，并与现代暖期积累率变化做对比分析，揭示现代变暖前、后积累率变化异同。通过诊断分析和数值模拟，综合定量地分析小冰期和现代暖期积累率时空格局对南半球大气环流主要模态变化的响应，诠释其响应的物理机制。研究结果将不仅为古气候模式验证和南极冰盖变化对海平面贡献估算提供基础数据，还对预估未来南极冰盖变化及气候状况具有重要意义。

Antarctic snow accumulation experiences a significant positive trend during the Current Warming Period (CWP), which mitigates the global sea level rise by about 10 mm since 1901. However, spatial and temporal variability in snow accumulation before the CWP is not well determined, and as a result, the similarities and differences of variability before and after the CWP are still unknown. This project will reconstruct Antarctic snow accumulation during the past 500 years using an improve method based on the quality-controlled snow accumulation time series from ice core records, in combination with reanalyses and regional climate models, and assess its uncertainties. Snow accumulation variability trends for the different regions during the Little Ice Age (LIA) will be examined. By comparison, the similarities and differences in snow accumulation for the LIA and CWP will be determined. Through diagnostic analysis and numerical simulation, the response of changes in the snow accumulation over the LIA and CWP to large-scale atmospheric oscillation will be diagnosed, and their physical mechanisms will be also interpreted. The results of this project will be useful for validating atmospheric climate models and assessing the contribution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet to global sea level, and also have important implications for prediction of future Antarctic fluctuations and climate changes in the near future.