刚性多臂分子的溶致超分子液晶行为、结构与功能性质研究

超分子液晶材料由于耦合了自组装的多级结构与液晶独特的光电特性，在电子/离子传输、光电器件、传感、催化、分离等领域应用价值巨大。然而，传统溶致液晶由于柔性两亲分子不稳固的纳米组装有序结构，大大限制了其材料功能性质的发挥和被广泛应用。本项目拟利用刚性多臂分子的结构特点，通过调节刚性臂数目、臂长、末端离子分布等因素，发展一类新型的全刚性分子自组装构筑溶致超分子液晶材料。主要研究内容包括：（1）刚性多臂分子的溶致超分子液晶行为、组装结构及影响因素分析；（2）光调控、离子诱导的刺激响应性超分子液晶材料研究；（3）低维离子电导溶致液晶材料制备与功能性质研究。通过项目研究，将揭示刚性多臂分子的溶致超分子液晶结构形成与演化规律，同时基于分子组装结构与材料功能性质关联分析，将指导新型自组装液晶功能材料的设计和应用，为开发新型功能器件奠定基础。

Due to coupling hierarchical structures of self-assembly and unique photoelectric properties of liquid crystal, supramolecular liquid-crystalline (LC) materials have great value for application in electron/ion transport, photoelectric device, sensing, catalysis, separation, etc. However, by reason of the non-robust ordered nanostructure formed by flexible amphiphile, the traditional lyotropic liquid crystals are restricted to be widely used as functional materials. In this project, fully rigid molecules with multiple arms, which can be designed with different arm number, length and distribution of ion at molecular periphery, will be developed to construct new lyotropic LC materials by self-assembly. The main research contents are as follows: (1) study on the behaviors, structures and influencing factors of lyotropic supramolecular liquid crystals organized by fully rigid molecules; (2) stimuli-responsive liquid crystalline materials base on UV-light excitation or ions induction; (3) study on preparation and functional properties of lyotropic LC materials for low-dimensional ion conduction. This project will not only reveal the structural formation and evolution in the new type of lyotropic LC materials, but also guide the design of new LC molecules and their application as self-assembled functional materials for device.