同域雉类物种栖息地分化格局及其影响机制研究

栖息地分化是同域分布的近缘动物实现资源分化和同域共存的重要方式，研究种间栖息地分化格局及其影响机制，对于了解群落维持机理和生物多样性保护都具有重要价值。雉科鸟类受胁程度较高，是我国重点保护动物类群之一。以往研究仅关注同域雉类的栖息地分化格局，对其影响机制缺乏实证研究，尚不清楚不同生态因子在栖息地分化中的作用机制和相对重要性，制约了对同域雉类受胁机制的了解。本项目拟以邛崃山系几种同域雉类为对象，结合红外相机技术、野外调查和3S技术监测物种栖息地选择动态、栖息地特征、捕食风险和人为干扰，在分析种间栖息地分化格局的基础上，进一步使用多物种占域模型检验栖息地偏好、种间竞争、捕食风险和人为干扰等不同因子对物种栖息地选择的影响，阐明种间栖息地分化格局的主要影响因子和作用机制，以期加深对同域雉类物种受胁机制的了解，促进多物种整合保护和栖息地管理，同时为群落维持理论提供新的实证研究案例。

For closely related animal species in sympatry, interspecific habitat partitioning is the most primary and common mechanism to achieve resources differentiation and stable coexistence. Exploring habitat partitioning pattern and the ecological mechanisms influencing it is not only important for understanding community structuring and maintaining, but also of benefit to biodiversity conservation. Phasianidae species are highly endangered and threatened worldwide, and are of particular conservation concerns in China. Previous studies have made great efforts in revealing patterns of habitat partitioning among sympatric pheasant species. However, little research has yet examined the effects of ecological factors on shaping and influencing these patterns, limiting further understanding on their coexistence pattern and endangered mechanisms and development of conservation strategy. In this project, we will take several pheasant species sympatric in mountain forests in the Qionglai Mountains as a representative. We will monitor species habitat utilization, habitat features, predation risk and human disturbance combining infrared-triggered camera trap, field survey and 3S technique. We will analyze habitat partitioning and further examine the effects of habitat preference, interspecific competition, predation risk and human disturbance on species habitat selection using multi-species occupancy models. The primary objective is to determine key ecological factors affecting habitat partitioning among sympatric pheasant species and reveal their functioning mechanisms. The findings of this project can facilitate understanding on the endangered mechanisms of pheasant species, and benefit multi-species conservation and habitat management, and also provide an empirical case study for community structuring and maintaining theories.