前瞻记忆（PM）缺陷是精神分裂症功能预后的重要影响因素。研究提示精神分裂症PM缺陷源于意向激活阶段（包括线索识别和意向提取)，但精神分裂症意向激活缺陷的机制未明。我们前期研究揭示精神分裂症的基于事件PM为原发性缺陷，且慢性精神分裂症患者的线索识别和意向提取均有缺陷。本项目拟对首发精神分裂症患者研究：①应用行为学方法，探索线索识别和意向提取在精神分裂症PM缺陷中的关系，②应用多模态MRI影像技术，研究精神分裂症线索识别缺陷和意向提取缺陷的神经病理基础，建立精神分裂症PM缺陷的脑连接模型，③应用ERP（与任务态fMRI同步采集数据），明确精神分裂症PM缺陷的时间阶段及神经活动的空间分布，④将ERP分析的神经活动时空模式与fMRI建立的脑连接模型相互验证和补充，建立精神分裂症基于事件PM缺陷的神经活动的时空模型。该项目有助于揭示精神分裂症的病理机制，为功能康复提供新靶点及实验依据。

Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to carry out intended actions in the future，which plays an important role in functional outcomes of patients with schizophrenia. The accumulated evidence has verified that PM deficits in patients with schizophrenia are independent of other cognitive deficits, and our recently published PM study in patients with drug-na?ve first-episode psychosis also suggested that event-based PM in schizophrenia appears to be a primary deficit. Based on the process model, PM can be divided into four phases: intention formation, intention retention, intention initiation and intention execution, of which the third stage involves cue identification and intention retrieval. It is suggested that PM deficits in schizophrenia might arise from intention initiation impairments, However, the underlying mechanism of cue identification and intention retrieval alterations remains unclear and need further investigation.In the present study, first-episode schizophrenia patients will be included to control confounders. First, we intend to use behavioral experiments, including two PM tasks(a cue identification PM task and an intention retrieval PM task) and other neurocognitive function tasks, to explore the role and relationship of cue identification and intention retrieval in PM deficits in first-episode schizophrenia. Second, abnormal neural circuits as the underlying mechanism of PM deficits in schizophrenia will be studied via the multi-modal MRI techniques, including structural MRI, resting-state fMRI, task fMRI and DTI. The structural connectivity and functional connectivity of the rostral prefrontal cortex will be especially investigated in order to understand the different roles of the medial and lateral rostral prefrontal cortex in PM deficits in schizophrenia. Third, the temporal dynamics and related spatial distribution of PM deficits in schizophrenia will be studied using the event-related potential(ERP). Fouth, to establish the processing stage and spatial distribution of the altered neural activity associated with the PM deficits in schizophrenia via synchronized ERP and task fMRI analysis. Our present study will uncover the altered spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity of event-based PM in schizophrenia, which will help to explore the etiology of schizophrenia and find potential targets for treatment of PM deficits in schizophrenia to improve functional outcomes.