基于学生发展导向的我国博士生教育质量评价模型构建及实证研究——以涉农学科为例

科学评价博士生教育质量对于一个国家高层次人才培养和创新能力的提高至关重要。我国已有的博士生教育质量评价研究大多从导师和培养单位两个主体的角度进行，其评价体系忽视了学生作为主体的需求，这不仅在理论上表现为博士生教育质量内涵的缺失，实践中也导致了对学生职业发展能力培养的忽视。本项目以毕业5年内博士和三年级及以上在读脱产博士生为研究对象，基于学生发展理论，确定包括输入、过程、输出和职业发展四个阶段的博士生教育质量内涵，提出相应的指标体系及评价模型。以涉农学科为例，通过调查博士生发展经历，实证研究博士生四个阶段的质量特征，分析博士生教育质量的影响因素及各阶段质量相互作用，检验博士生在学质量与博士生职业发展的匹配度，验证博士生培养目标的实现程度和适切性。基于评价结果，提出博士生教育质量提升路径，为改革与完善高校内部质量保证体系提供理论和实践依据。

Scientific evaluation of doctoral education quality is critical to talents cultivation as well as improvement of innovative capacity of a nation. In China, the existing studies on evaluation of doctoral education quality have been mainly conducted from the perspectives of supervisors and educational institutions, neglecting doctoral students’ demands, which leads to not only the lack of connotations of doctoral education quality at theoretical level, but the ignorance of cultivation of students’ career development capability. Based on career development theory, this study focuses on those with PhD degree no longer than five years and full time PhD students at third year or above, defines the connotations of the four respective phases consisting the final doctoral education quality, including input, educational process, output, and career development, and proposes corresponding evaluation models and indicators system. Taking agriculture-related disciplines as examples, this study probes into PhD students’ development process, does empirical research on characteristics of four phases of doctoral education, analyzes factors influencing doctoral education quality and interactions of the quality of different phases, observes the degree of matching between doctoral students’ educational quality and their career development, and verifies the extent of realization and pertinence of doctoral education objective. Additionally, according to evaluation results, this study suggests measures to improve doctoral education quality, and puts forward theoretical and practical basis for optimizing universities’ internal quality assurance system.