城市开放空间中典型声源对动静态行为的影响机制研究

动静态行为是考量居民健康、城市设计和景观规划的重要指标，研究典型声源对动静态行为的影响具有重要的科学价值。然而研究难点在于声源交互作用的复杂性，动静态行为特征之间的差异性，以及空间环境等影响因素权重的不确定性，因此亟需针对上述问题系统地揭示声源对动静态行为的作用规律。本项目首先分析典型声源的物理和感知特性，提取行为的动静态特征指标，确定研究的范围和内容；其次以单一声源为例，研究声源物理和感知特性的改变对动静态行为的作用机制，建立声源对动静态行为影响的简化模型；然后分析声源在空间复合和时域复合条件下，对动静态行为的作用机制，建立声源交互作用下对动静态行为影响的理论模型；最后，在空间视觉和物理环境差异下，分析典型声源对动静态行为影响的权重变化，并对上述模型的适用条件进行修正。预期成果将有利于深入了解城市空间中声环境与行为的交互机制，并为利用声环境辅助城市设计和景观规划提供有力支撑。

Movement and non-movement behaviours are essential indexes to evaluate resident health in urban design and landscape planning processes. Based on the previous studies, the movement and non-movement behaviours can be affected by typical sound sources in urban open spaces. According to the interaction effects of sound sources, differences between movement and non-movement behaviours, and the complexity of environment conditions, it is valuable to conduct systematically research on the mechanism of movement and non-movement behaviours affected by typical sources. To define the scope and the context of the research, this project firstly analyzes the physical and perceptional characteristics of typical sound sources, as well as the criteria of movement and non-movement behaviours. Then, the simplified models will be developed to explore how physical and perceptional characters of single sound sources influence the movement and non-movement behaviours. Thirdly, under the circumstance of the spatial and temporal interaction of sound sources, potential theoretical models will be established to reveal the mechanism of movement and non-movement behaviours affected by multiple sound sources. Finally, considering the weight of models will be changed by visual and physical factors, the models will be further modified. In conclusion, the expected results of this study will enhance the understanding of the inter-relationship between urban sound environment and human behaviours, which also provides potentialities on the adaption of sustainable living environment for the spatial designers and policy makers.