基于One Health理念建立动物职业暴露人群流感监测体系的研究

按照ONE HEALTH理念和方法，从人群、动物、环境的角度出发，选择禽类和猪只养殖（散养和集中养殖）、销售（批发和零售）、运输、屠宰、加工等不同环节的职业暴露人群，通过定期收集从业人员（咽拭子、血标本）、动物（咽拭子、泄殖腔拭子、血标本）及环境（包括涂抹拭子、气溶胶等）样本和相关信息，开展禽流感和猪流感病毒调查和检测的哨点主动监测；并依托广州市网络直报系统对禽类和猪相关职业暴露人群开展以流感样病例(ILI)和严重急性呼吸道感染病例(SARI)为主的日常常规监测，综合多部门的监测能力，及时掌握职业暴露人群的禽流感和猪流感感染情况，并分析与动物、环境中流感病毒污染情况的关系和存在相关危险因素，建立有别于目前以医院为哨点，而直接针对动物职业暴露人群的流感监测系统，将监测关口前移，达到新发人兽共患疾病，尤其是新型流感病毒早期预警的目的，为建立动物职业人群的人兽共患病监测体系奠定基础。

We plan to construct an influenza surveillance system in animals exposed occupational population regarding to relationship among population, animals and environment based on One Health concept. We select poultry and pig exposed occupational population in different procedure sites of raising animals(e.g.free-range and industrialized farm), sales(e.g. wholesales and retails), transportation, slaughtering sites, processing workshop and regularly sample the specimens of occupational population(e.g.throat swab and blood),animals(e.g.throat swab, cloacal swab and blood) and environment(e.g.swab and bioaerosol) to test the influenza virus and collect information to construct an sentinel active surveillance system. Construct an routine monitoring system on Influenza Like Illness(ILI) and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection(SARI) cases in poultry and pig occupational population. Concentrate surveillace technology and power of different departments to obtain the current avian influenza and swine influenza infection status in occupational population and analyze the risk factors in animal and environment contaminated with influenza virus. Construction of an inflenza surveillance system in our study which directly point to animal occupational populatin, would be different from which based on hospitals. Our objective is to detect emerging zoonosis (e.g.the noval influenza virus) earlier by monitoring the high risk group who directly exposed to the suspicious animals , send out an early warning , and provide a reference of prevention and control of zoonosis in animal occupational population.