基于密度场谱矩信息的三维刻痕分析方法研究

断裂结构与地质灾害、资源勘探、城市地质等密切相关，利用区域重力场的信息来揭示区域地壳三维结构是区域地球物理学研究的重点之一。针对目前尚没有利用三维物性场的三维断裂、地质体直接提取方法，且传统的利用重力场资料提取断裂、地质体边界平面分布特征的方法存在缺乏断裂、地质体三维延伸情况，更多隐含的奇异信息没有得到挖掘和利用等问题，本研究以断裂、地质体三维结构信息提取为目标，以三维密度场为输入，将工程学中刻痕分析思想引入地球物理领域，推导出密度场中二阶、四阶谱矩及其统计不变量的三维表达式，利用三维谱矩中蕴含的各向异性、扁平度等奇异信息构建出刻画断裂、地质体三维结构的结果参数，最终发展出适用于密度异常场的三维刻痕分析新方法，深化工程学与地球物理学之间的融合与技术交叉，为揭示地壳三维结构与构造提供新的方法技术支撑，为基础地质研究、资源勘探、地质灾害预防及生态均衡等提供科学依据。

The fault structure is closely related to geological hazard, resource exploration and urban geology etc., so it is a research hotspot to reveal three dimensional (3D) crustal structures by using regional gravity field. However, there is no direct 3D extracting method of faults and geological bodies from 3D physical property volume. Plane structures of faults or geological edges extracting by traditional edge enhancing methods from gravity filed are lack of stereoscopic extensional information. And more hidden singular information has not been excavated and utilized by the traditional edge enhancing method. In this study, aiming at extracting 3D structure of faults and geological bodies, we introduce the scratch analysis in Engineering into Geophysics, derive comprehensive result parameters to depict 3D structure of faults and geological bodies basing on the singular information of 3D 2nd and 3rd spectral moments and their statistical invariant variability, and finally develop the geophysical 3D scratch analysis method on density filed, promoting the discipline cross between Engineering and Geophysics. This study can also provide a new technique for studies of revealing 3D crustal structures and provide a scientific basis for geological research, resource exploration and geological hazard.