基于取向纳米原纤序构的半导体纤维设计与神经突触器件构筑

电子-离子混合传导型半导体纤维可实现对人体电子-离子关联神经活动的监测与调控，得益于其纤维几何形态优势（手术创面小、神经/血管组织相容性高），在侵入式脑机接口中具有重要应用前景。但高孔隙结构与高取向高结晶结构间存在微纳结构层面设计的矛盾，导致 “力学性能-电子传输-离子迁移”难以协同提升，严重制约半导体纤维实际应用。本项目提出“静电辅助干喷湿纺”设计思路，引入取向纳米原纤为功能基元，通过“取向纳米原纤+纳米流体通道”空间序构实现宏观性能协同提升。通过静电场调控分子链同复合力场的耦合作用，实现取向纳米原纤可控构筑；引入涡流拉伸场和质子浓度梯度场调控纳米原纤相互作用力与双向质子扩散的平衡，可控引入纳米流体通道；通过器件化设计构筑纤维形态神经突触，并探索在神经信号监测及刺激释放中的应用。本研究将为基于功能基元序构的半导体纤维设计及性能开发提供理论依据和实践参考，并拓展在侵入式脑机接口等领域应用。

Mixed ionic-electronic semiconductor fiber has been demonstrated the capability to monitor and regulate the ion-electron based neuronal activities of the human body. Comparing with other bulky materials, the multi-functional fiber exhibits many advantages including minimized traumatic injury, better compatibility with nerves/vascular tissues and fiber-like geometry, which makes it become a promising potential solution as media materials in invasive brain-machine interface. However, due to the intrinsic conflict in the design principles between high-porosity structure and ordered crystallization structure fabrication, synergistically improving of the comprehensive performances encounters enormous obstacles. In order to solve this knotty problem, this project proposes a strategy of “Static Electricity-assisted Dry-jet Wet Spinning”, which integrates well-aligned nanofibrils as functional building blocks to construct spatially ordered nanofibrils with nanofluidic channel, paving a promising avenue to advance the overall performance. The enhancement is contributed by three factors: first, by utilizing electrostatic field to tune the coupling between polymer chains and all imposed force fields, the architecture of the nanofibril unit can be well controlled; second, combining the eddy induced tensile stress field with the gradient of proton concentration, the interfibrillar interaction between nanofibrils and round-trip proton diffusion can be balanced, making the flux of nanofluidic channels controllable; third, with integration of fiber-shaped artificial nerve synapse into the device design, we will further explore the potential applications in nerve signal monitoring and stimulus releasing. This research will not only provide a theoretical foundation and research reference for designing semiconductor fibers and developing related devices, but also extend the potential applications in invasive brain-machine interface.