太湖流域丘陵区不同土地利用类型下的地表土壤水文过程研究

太湖流域丘陵区由于开发力度加大，面临着严峻的生态环境问题。随着该区域丘陵区部分土地从林地向园地和旱地转变，地表关键土壤水文过程（如土壤水分及壤中流的时空分布变化特征）也发生着相应的变化，并影响着营养盐的输移循环。因此，本研究将在太湖流域丘陵区选取2个具有地形特征相似但土地利用类型不同（林地和茶园）的典型特征区，分别代表开发前和开发后的丘陵山地。使用传统野外土壤水分监测和地球物理（大地电导仪）探测相结合的方式监测特征区土壤水分特征。通过GIS空间分析、分布式水文模型等方法研究不同的土地利用条件下土壤水分的时空分布规律，横向和垂向壤中流的产流模式，以及它们与地形要素和土壤性质之间的定量关系。本研究将揭示太湖流域丘陵区开发后水分的运动模式及其对降雨的响应机制的改变，为研究面源污染物质输移途径提供理论依据，并有助于评价太湖流域丘陵区开发利用的生态环境效应。

The hilly area in Taihu Lake Basin has been encountering emergent environmental problems due to excessive exploitation of land and water resources. Along with the some land changing from forest to garden plot and farmland in this area, spatial and temporal variations of soil-hydrologcial processess (e.g., soil water and subsurface flow) also change accordingly. These changes are able to affect soil nutrient cycling and loss. Therefore, this study will select two study areas with similar terrain feature in the hilly area in Taihu Lake Basin. These two study areas will represent two typical land use types (forest and tea garden) before and after land exploitation. The traditional soil water monitoring will be assisted with electromagnetic induction survey to monitor soil water content in different study areas. The geospatial modeling will be used to investigate spatial and temporal variations of soil water, vertical and horizontal subsurface flows, and their quantitative relationships with soil properties and terrain attributes.This study will reveal the change of soil water movement in respones to precipitation as the land exploitation in the hilly area in Taihu Lake Basin. The results will provide the theoretical fundation for investigating the nutrient loss pathway and accessing the ecological and environmental effects of the land exploitation in the hilly area in Taihu Lake Basin.