生物分子改性氧化石墨烯热敏传感器用于早期火灾预警

无法对早期火灾快速预警和有效处置造成严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。传统火灾预警传感器存在抗干扰能力差、预警迟滞严重等不足。本项目以开发新型氧化石墨烯热敏传感器为导向，突破其“无法持续预警、低温响应差”的瓶颈，发展生物分子改性的新方法，利用生物分子同时具有阻燃和还原性，改善氧化石墨烯的热稳定性和耐火性、降低含氧基团的分解温度，从而增加预警时长、降低响应温度。本项目研究生物分子种类、掺比、制备工艺等因素对氧化石墨烯组成、结构、性能的调控，探讨阻燃性对预警时长的影响，揭示生物分子对氧化石墨烯的还原机制，探讨还原程度对含氧基团分解温度和传感器响应温度的影响，阐明生物分子改性与火灾预警性能之间的构效关系，从而建立生物分子/氧化石墨烯热敏传感器为基础的火灾预警装置，实现对早期火灾的及时探测、并快速预警。

The inability to rapidly warn and effectively deal with early fire will cause severe casualties and property loss. The traditional fire warning sensors have a low anti-interference ability and a great delay in fire warning. This project aims at new graphene oxide thermosensitive sensors. The problems to be solved are that graphene oxide thermosensitive sensors cannot warn continuously and show poor response to low temperature. We propose a new strategy of biomolecules modification. The flame retardancy and reduction ability of biomolecules can not only improve the thermal stability and fire resistance of graphene oxide, but also lower the decomposition temperature of oxygen-containing groups. In this way, the warning time can be increased and the responsive temperature can be decreased. In this project, we will study the effects of species and ratio of biomolecules, and preparation ways on the composition, structure, and properties of graphene oxide. The effect of flame retardancy on the warning time will be analyzed. The reduction mechanism of biomolecules towards graphene oxide will be clarified. The effect of reduction degree on the decomposition temperature of oxygen-containing groups and responsive temperature of sensors will be analyzed. The relationship between biomolecules and fire warning performance will be revealed. Based on the results, we will further construct the fire warning devices using biomolecule/graphene oxide thermosensitive sensors to achieve the timely detection and rapid warning of early fire.