基于流星雷达原始信号的大气参数反演及其精细结构研究

全天空流星雷达是持续监测中间层和低热层大气的重要探测手段，发展到目前，如何保障流星雷达的探测效能和精度及如何改进流星雷达探测参数的时空分辨率都是当前的热点研究内容。本项目一方面拟从流星雷达的原始回波信号出发，发展自主的分析处理算法，实现流星尾迹回波的判定、定位、观测参数的确定和中间层和低热层大气参数的反演，并结合现有的其他观测手段如光学探测等，保障和尝试提高流星雷达测量的效能和精度，最终形成自主的全天空流星雷达分析处理系统；另一方面，在建立的分析处理算法的基础上，设计一发多收和多站流星雷达同步观测试验，实现同一区域乃至同一流星尾迹的多套系统同步观测，发展与改进大气参数的反演算法，获取比传统单站流星雷达探测具有更高时空分辨率的背景大气参数。项目的实施有助于加强对全天空流星雷达探测背景大气过程的认识，深化分析处理过程中关键算法的理解，从而为实现雷达探测效能、精度和分辨率的改进提供参考。

All sky meteor radar is one of the most important means to detect the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. To the current, how to guarantee the efficiency, accuracy, temporal and spatial resolution of the measured parameters derived by meteor radar signal is a hot topic. On one hand, this project plans to develop our own algorithms to achieve the data processing and signal post-analysis based on the raw data from meteor radar. For instance, the detection and discrimination of the meteor echoes, the resolution of the meteor trail location, the inversion of the radial velocity and the diffusion coefficient (decay time) of the under-dense meteor trail, and the inversion of the atmospheric parameters (winds, temperature and density) in the MLT region is planned to achieve using our own algorithms. Then, the efficiency and accuracy of these algorithms are validated by other measurements. For instance, the efficiency of the phase calibration will be confirmed by other measurements such as video detection of meteor trail. At last, a data processing and signal post-analysis software will be constructed by combining the modules which are composed of these procedures and their products. On the other hand, based on the algorithms proposed above, we will design two meteor radar detection experiment, a single input and multiple output meteor radar detection experiments, and a multi-static meteor radar detection experiment, to get more locations of the same under-dense meteor trail from different receive antenna and more observations in the same region. For the experiment outcome, we will propose improved inversion algorithms to get the atmospheric parameters on the basis of the data processing and signal post-analysis software constructed for the traditional meteor radar system. As a result, the specific atmospheric parameters with higher temporal or spatial resolution will be achieved in contrast to the traditional meteor radar measurements. This study will be conducive to understand the principle of the detection by meteor radar, and improve our current understanding of the key algorithms of the data processing and signal post-analysis, and guide the improvements of the efficiency, accuracy and resolution of the meteor radar detection.