甘薯化感物质的抑草机制及其相关调控基因研究

利用作物化感作用的化感物质研发环境友好型除草剂和和化感特性基因培育抗杂草胁迫的化感品种，对农田杂草的生态管理具有重要意义。甘薯（Ipomoea batatas）种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性及其较强的抗杂草能力，是发掘和利用化感作用的重要基因库，然而其化感物质组分与基因调控机制尚不清楚。项目前期研究已明确云南省甘薯种质资源的化感潜力和化感物质，并筛选出化感甘薯种质资源。在此基础上，本项目首先对云南省化感甘薯种质资源材料，采用GC-MS和HPLC技术定性定量分析根系分泌物的化感物质种类、含量和分子式；其次，开展化感物质对农田杂草生理生态的作用机理；最后，采用mRNA转录组测序研究甘薯根系化感基因的表达特征。研究结果不仅对化感物质的生物合成途径、化感作用基因型及其调控机制有更全面、准确的认识，同时为利用基因组分子育种手段来提高甘薯种质资源的抗草化感水平提供科学依据和奠定基础。

The exploitation of eco-friendly herbicides using crop allelochemicals and breeding cultivation of allelopathic crop cultivars to weed suppression through related allelopathic genes are very important to implement ecological management of weeds in cropping system. The abundant genetic diversity of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) germplasm and its prominent resistance for weeds were important gene pools for the exploitation and utilization of allelopathy. However, the relationships of allelochemicals and associated gene regulation mechanism are not clear. Previous studies of two Yunnan Provincial Key Fund and Applied Basic Research Foundation Programs have identified the allelopathic potential and initial allelochemicals of main growing sweet potato germplasm resources in Yunnan Province of China, and some allelopathic sweet potato germplasm resources have been screened out. Based on these results, firstly this project will qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the allelochemical components of sweet potato root exudates by GC-MS and HPLC techniques. In addition, the physiological and ecological mechanism of allelochemicals on farming weeds will be studied. Finally, the associated expression characteristics of allelopathic genes in sweet potato root system will also be detected and analyzed by RNA transcriptome sequencing. The results not only contribute to more comprehensive and accurate understanding of biosynthetic pathway of allelopathic compounds, allelopathic genotypes and their regulatory mechanisms, but also are beneficial to provide scientific basis and foundation for improving the allelopathic level of sweet potato germplasm resources to weed resistance by using genomic molecular breeding methods approach.