基于BSA-DNASeq和SMRT-RenSeq的马铃薯A病毒极端抗性基因精细定位、克隆与功能鉴定

马铃薯遭受到超过40种病毒和类病毒的侵染，其中马铃薯Y病毒属的马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）和马铃薯A病毒（PVA）是我国主要流行的两种病毒，能导致严重的产量损失和品质下降。培育抗性品种是最为经济有效的病毒防治策略，但马铃薯普通栽培种为高度杂合的同源四倍体、遗传复杂，传统方法克隆抗性基因难度大。本项目在鉴定PVA相关抗性资源的基础上，构建了抗性分离群体，并借助马铃薯基因组测序信息和基于极端性状混池DNA测序（BSA-DNASeq）及R基因富集单分子实时测序（SMRT-RenSeq）的高效快速基因发掘技术，开展马铃薯A病毒抗性基因的精细定位、克隆和功能鉴定等工作。研究结果将有助于阐明PVA抗性的遗传规律以及与PVY抗性的关系，开发的PVA抗性分子标记和克隆的相关抗病毒基因将为提高马铃薯品种的病毒抗性以及揭示相关抗病毒免疫调控机制奠定重要的基础。

Potato (Solanum tuberrosum L.) is infected by more than 40 viruses and viroids, among which potato virus Y and potato virus A of genus potyvirus are the two most epidemic viruses in China, causing serious loss of tuber yield and quality. Breeding for potato cultivars with virus resistance is the most economical and effective strategy for viral disease control, but it is difficult to clone resistant gene with traditional methods because the cultivated potato is highly heterozygous autotetraploid with complex heredity. Based on the identification of resistance resources against potato virus A, the segregation populations for PVA resistance were constructed in this study. With the genome sequence information and the efficient and fast resistance gene discovery technology based on the Bulked Segregant Analysis DNA Sequencing (BSA-DNASeq) and the Single-Molecule Real Time and Resistance gene enrichment Sequencing (SMRT-RenSeq), the fine mapping, cloning and functional characterization of the extreme resistance gene against potato virus A were carried out. The results of this study will help to clarify the inheritance rule of PVA resistance and its relationship with PVY resistance. Moreover, the molecular markers for PVA resistance and the cloned PVA-resistant gene will lay a firm foundation for improving the virus resistance of potato cultivars and revealing the antiviral immune regulation mechanism.