高原脱习服是人体脱离高原低氧环境进入常氧环境时，机体原有的高原适应性变化逐渐发生解脱或消退的过程。目前，对于高原脱习服这一复杂性状的遗传基础所知寥寥。随着我国西部政策的推出，更多的人在高原生活、工作一段时间返回平原, 必将面临高原反应和脱习服反应的双重干扰, 这无疑对他们的健康造成一定威胁。 本项目拟选取一个从高海拔地区进入低海拔地区的世居平原人群，分别在三个时间点（离开高原前2天、返回平原2天，平原生活3月后）采集样本表型信息和血样，采用二代测序技术对氧和红细胞代谢途径相关50个基因外显子测序，初步探索与高原脱习服相关遗传变异。然后，在大样本中对初筛的基因变异进行验证。最后，对基因变异与高原脱习服相关性状进行交互作用及调控网络分析，系统的探索高原脱习服的分子基础以及网络调控机制。该研究结果可为个体的高原脱习服能力提供预测，同时为高原适应及高原医学的研究发展提供基础和帮助。

De-acclimatization to high altitude is a relief or regression process gradually of original adaptation of human to high altitude from high altitude hypoxia environment into normoxic environment. Genetic basis of the complex traits with de-acclimatization to high altitude are been known a little now. With the launch of western China policy, more people will faced with double disturbance both altitude sickness and de-acclimatization response when they return the plain after living and working in the highland for some time. This is undoubtedly a certain threat to their health. In the project, we will select a plain native population, who return plain from plateau, as research subjects when they live in high altitude areas for some time. We choose the three time points (two days before leaving the plateau, two days after reaching plain, three months after reaching the plain), collect sample's phenotypic information and blood samples. Firstly, the genetic variations relate to the de-acclimatization to high altitude are explored by using exon sequencing technique primarily. Then the genetic variations are screened and confirmed by using large sample (1000cases) SNAPscan technique. Finally, the interactions between genome variations and the complex traits related with high altitude de-acclimatization are analyzed, and the molecular basis and the regulatory mechanisms of the network systems are explored and analyzed. The results may provide prediction of individual de-acclimatization ability to high altitude and de-acclimatization disease preventive, while will provide the basis and help to the studies of high altitude adaption, altitude sickness and the research and development of the high altitude medicine.