电力变压器是电力系统的重要组成部分，含有铁芯剩磁的电力变压器在投运时，可能产生较大的励磁涌流，瞬时冲击电流会对电力设备产生危害，使得变压器投运失败，同时产生的大量高次谐波将降低电网供电质量，造成重大经济损失。因此，剩磁检测与消磁原理的分析及剩磁检测消磁装置的设计，是当前电网安全亟需解决的关键技术问题。本项目在研究铁磁材料剩磁产生原理的基础上，进行电力变压器铁芯剩磁的暂态仿真分析，确定剩磁对电力变压器机电特性的影响。提出通过编程建立电力变压器剩磁仿真分析平台，实现不同型号结构尺寸参数下电力变压器的建模分析；提出剩磁的直流检测方法，得到磁化电流变化值与剩磁的数学关系，通过实际测量电流的变化得到待测变压器的剩磁；提出利用已测剩磁进行消磁系统的设计，搭建剩磁检测与消磁装置，试验验证本项目研究工作的可行性及可靠性。项目成果可以在普通电力变压器乃至国网中广泛应用，具有良好的直接和间接效益。

Power transformer is an important part of power system. The main factor affecting the design and service life of the transformer is its electromechanical characteristics. Residual flux does a conspicuous influence on the inrush phenomenon. In fact, such events may result in high levels of transient current, which may affect the transformer mechanical structure and its lifetime. A large number of high harmonics currents lead to waveform distortion of voltage and the current will reduce the quality of the power supply network. Therefore, the principle analysis of the residual flux detection and the design of the residual flux detection and elimination device is the key technical problem that the power grid security needs to be solved urgently. Based on the study of ferromagnetic materials principle of residual flux, this project carries the transient simulation of the residual flux of the power transformer core to determine the effect of the residual flux on the electromechanical characteristics of the power transformer. The establishment of power transformer residual flux simulation analysis platform is proposed, to achieve different types of structural parameters under the size of the power transformer modeling analysis. The method of DC detection of residual flux is proposed, and the mathematical relationship between the magnetization current and residual flux is obtained. The residual flux of the transformer is calculated by measuring the change of current. The design of the demagnetization system is carried out by using the residual flux which has been measured. The residual flux detection and demagnetizing device are configured to achieve the purpose of residual flux detection and elimination. Monitoring real-time changes of the electromechanical characteristics of the different residual fluxes. Then the influence of residual flux on the inrush current and the electromagnetic force of the transformer is analyzed. Finally, the feasibility and reliability of the research work of this project are verified. The results can be commonly used in power transformers and even in the power network, with good direct and indirect benefits.