离子印迹聚合物的制备及其在盐湖卤水铷铯分离提取中的应用

盐湖卤水是非常重要的铷、铯来源之一。我国西部地区有非常丰富的盐湖卤水资源，然而利用盐湖卤水分离提取铷、铯等稀有金属的研究工作却起步较晚、报道较少，且普遍存在离子选择性差、分离能力小、操作困难、吸附机理不明确等问题。因此，开发具有特效识别性的铷铯离子吸附剂就显得尤为重要。以印迹技术为基础的金属离子印迹聚合物具有识别能力强、离子选择性好，可循环使用等优点。据此，本项目针对盐湖卤水这一复杂的天然溶液体系，提出以铷、铯等稀有金属离子为模板，选择不同的基底材料和合成方法制备金属离子印迹聚合物，并开展此类材料对盐湖卤水中铷、铯等稀有金属离子的分离提取研究，探讨印迹聚合物的合成条件、吸附量、吸附选择性、回收率、吸附平衡及吸附动力学等关键问题。该研究将为盐湖卤水铷、铯离子的分离提取提供新材料，对于阐明金属离子印迹聚合物的吸附机理亦具有重要意义。

Brine is one of the important rubidium and cesium resources. Western China is very rich in brine resources. However, the research work about the separation of rubidium and cesium from brine systems started late, and few studies have been described. In the reported methods many defects could be found, such as, poor selectivity and separation, difficult to handle with. Therefore, the development of a simple and practical method for the separation of rubidium and cesium from brine is very important. The metal-ion-imprinted polymers based on the surface imprinting technique exhibit some advantages, such as, remarkable recognition properties for template, high ion-selectivity, and good recycling performance. We intend to prepare the ion-imprinted polymers, based on different synthesis methods and support materials, which can be used as absorbent for the separation of the rubidium and cesium ions from the complex salt lake brine system. And their adsorption capacity, selectivity, recovery, adsorption kinetics and equilibrium under various experimental conditions will also be studied. This research will provide new materials to separate the rare metal ions from the salt lake brine, and also help to clarify the adsorption mechanism of rubidium and cesium ions from brine.