基于宏基因组测序数据的微生物基因组序列鉴定及群落比较方法研究

人体中的微生物群落与人体的健康息息相关，有研究表明几十种疾病都与人体微生物群落的失调有关系。随着二代测序技术迅猛发展并且在宏基因组学的研究中发挥了越来越重要的作用，令深入探索微生物群落的组成与相互关系成为了可能。然而微生物群落是一个多种微生物混合的复杂体，如何利用宏基因组测序数据鉴定每种微生物的基因组序列及相对丰度等信息，并将其应用于微生物群落的相互比较是一个重要的课题。本项目将致力于开发宏基因组测序数据分析与比较的统计模型与方法，着重解决下面问题：（1）开发微生物基因组序列及相对丰度推断的概率统计方法，（2）开发微生物群落相似性度量的新统计量，（3）整合不同的微生物群落比较方法。本项目将为微生物群落的生物信息学领域提供新的研究方法，并推进我们对微生物群落与人体健康之间关系的理解。

The microbial community in the human body is closely related to the health of the human body. Some studies have shown that dozens of diseases are related to the maladjustment of human microbial community. With the rapid development of the next generation sequencing technology which played an important role in the research of metagenomics, it is possible to explore the relationship between microbial community composition, interrelationships and environmental variables. However, the microbial community is a complex of multiple microorganisms. How to use the genome sequencing data to identify the genome sequence and relative abundance of each microorganism and apply it to the understanding and comparison of microbial community is an important subject. The project will focus on the development of the statistical models and methods in the area of metagenomics data analysis and comparison. It focuses on solving the following questions: (1) developing the probability and statistical methods for identifying microbial genome sequences and estimating the relative abundance, (2) developing a new statistic for microbial community similarity measures, (3) integrating different microbial community comparison methods. The project will provide new bioinformatical methods for the research of microbial communities and advance our understanding of the relationship between microbial communities and human health.