产生岛屿巨大生物多样性的进化机制已长期深深吸引着进化生物学家。海南岛是我国唯一的热带大陆性岛屿，具有极其丰富的生物多样性。本项目拟以海南岛竹蝗为研究对象, 综合应用NGS和SMRT技术测定海南竹蝗等3个近缘种的全长转录组，鉴定嗅觉、视觉、运动、生殖和生态压力响应等功能相关的直系同源基因，检测其选择压力，揭示竹蝗适应性进化的分子基础，推测其物种形成模式；并联合多组学技术，获得各物种的全基因组SNP数据，重建竹蝗属系统发育关系，估计谱系间以及海南种群与大陆种群的分歧时间，检测可能影响物种形成的潜在重组和杂交事件，进而探讨海南岛竹蝗的进化历史，验证与海南岛形成相关的假说。本项目的研究成果可为深入揭示竹蝗属物种形成机制奠定重要基础，为研究海南岛的形成提供生物地理学依据，同时对于今后研究大陆性岛屿物种多样化具有重要意义。

The evolutionary mechanisms generating the tremendous biodiversity of islands have long fascinated evolutionary biologists. Hainan Island is the only tropical continental island in China with extremely rich biodiversity. This project plans to use the bamboo grasshoppers of Hainan Island as the research object, and comprehensively apply NGS and SMRT techniques to determine the full-length transcriptomes of three closely related species such as Ceracris hainanensis, and identify orthologous genes with functions related to olfactory, visual, motor, reproductive and ecological stress responses, detecting their selection pressure, revealing the molecular basis of adaptive evolution of bamboo grasshoppers, and speculating its pattern of species formation; and combining multi-omics techniques to obtain genome-wide SNP data of various species, reconstruct phylogenetic relationship of the genus Ceracris, estimate the divergence times between lineages and between Hainan and mainland populations, detect potential recombination and hybridization events that may affect speciation, and then explore the evolutionary history of bamboo grasshoppers in Hainan Island and verify the hypothesis related to the formation of Hainan Island. The research results of this project can lay an important foundation for further revealing the speciation mechanism of Ceracris, and provide a biogeographic basis for the study of the genesis of Hainan Island, and is of great significance for the future study of species diversity of continental islands.