高效、抑烟膨胀阻燃体系的设计制备及其在聚烯烃中的应用基础研究

基于膨胀阻燃剂（IFR）在阻燃聚烯烃材料研究及应用中存在的阻燃效率不高、发烟量大等关键技术问题，本项目通过结构设计并制备系列同时含多种金属离子的金属有机框架配合物（MOFs），分别研究MOFs对聚烯烃材料和IFR的催化成炭性能，阐明MOFs的组成与性能间的关系，优选出高性能MOFs，与IFR复配用于聚烯烃的阻燃。研究材料的阻燃性能、燃烧行为、烟气及毒性气体释放、力学及加工等性能，阐明MOFs的结构、组成、IFR的组分及添加量与聚烯烃的结构和性能（尤其是阻燃、抑烟、减毒行为）间的内在联系和影响规律，优选出高性能IFR体系。研究阻燃聚烯烃材料在热降解及燃烧过程中气相和凝聚相产物的结构、组成、变化规律，推导出材料的热分解历程，阐明膨胀阻燃体系对聚烯烃材料的高效阻燃、抑烟、减毒的作用机理，充实催化阻燃理论，为开发高性能膨胀阻燃剂及综合性能优异的阻燃、低烟、低毒聚烯烃材料奠定理论基础，提供应用指导。

Based on the key technical problems of the low flame retardant efficiency, large amount of smoke existed in the application of intumescent flame retardant (IFR) in polyolefin. In this project, we will design and prepare series of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) containing multiple metal ions. The catalytic charring performance of MOFs for IFR and polyolefin will be investigated, respectively. The relationship between the MOFs composition and the catalytic charring performance will be clarified. The MOFs with high-performance will be selected, and it will combine with IFR and then used to prepare flame retardant polyolefin composites. The flame retardancy, combustion behavior, the emission of smoke and toxic gas, the mechanical and processing properties of the materials will be investigated. The relationship and influence laws between the structure and composition of MOFs, the components and addition amount of IFR and the performance especially the flame retardancy, smoke suppression and toxicity reduction of the resultant flame retardant polyolefin composites will be clarified. The high performance IFR system will be obtained. The structure, composition and change law of the products in gas and condensed phase during thermal degradation and combustion process will be studied. The thermal decomposition process of materials will be deduced. The mechanism of high efficient flame retardant, smoke suppression and toxicity reduction of IFR system for polyolefin materials will be clarified, and it can further enrich the catalytic flame retardant theory. The theoretical foundation and application guidelines will be provided for researching and developing the high performance IFR and low smoke and toxicity, high efficient flame retarded polyolefin materials with excellent comprehensive performance.