抗生素过度使用导致的细菌广泛耐药性已经成为全球最严重的公共卫生问题之一。我们的前期研究发现临床和社区的抗生素不合理使用对我国医用抗生素过度使用的贡献同样重要（IJAA）。居民自我治疗使用抗生素是社区抗生素不合理使用的主要形式，而家庭储备抗生素是自我治疗使用抗生素行为的重要驱动因素和抗生素主要来源（IJERPH；BMJ Open）。不仅如此，居民将家庭储备的抗生素当作普通垃圾丢弃同样会导致环境的细菌耐药性问题。目前国内外研究很少有针对减少家庭储备抗生素、引导科学丢弃抗生素的干预。本课题以综合行为理论为框架，在浙江省推行的垃圾分类回收实践的基础上，开展家庭储备抗生素社区回收干预，并依托回收项目开展居民抗生素合理使用知识和抗生素药品识别的健康教育，以减少居民自我治疗使用抗生素行为以及将抗生素作为普通垃圾丢弃行为，从人和环境两方面（细菌耐药性治理的One-Health视角）减少细菌耐药性的压力。

Antimicrobial resistance has become one of the greatest threats to public health worldwide. Our previous research has indicated that inappropriate antibiotic use behaviors in clinical and community settings were both crucial (IJAA). Self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) is a prevalent and inappropriate antibiotic use behavior in community setting. Home stocked antibiotics was the main sources of self-medication and keeping antibiotics at home behavior would promote SMA (IJERPH; BMJ Open). Moreover, individual’s inappropriate disposal of antibiotics would contribute to the AMR in the environment. Few studies have shed lights on reducing home stocked antibiotics and antibiotic take-back programs to guide antibiotic disposal were rarely been studied. This study aims to 1) launch an antibiotic take-back program as well as a health education intervention based on the recycling program in Zhejiang and the Integrated Behavioral Model; 2) to reduce the SMA behaviors and the inappropriate antibiotic disposal as household wastes among the residents and consequently reduce AMR from the environment and people according to the One-Health perspective.