一步法制备基于聚离子液体刺激响应性纳米凝胶及其性能研究

设计开发具有新型组成与结构的刺激响应性聚合物是当今高分子科学研究的前沿和热点方向之一，备受青睐。申请者在前期研究中发现通过咪唑型离子液体单体一步交联共聚可以制备新型具有可逆温度响应性的聚合物纳米凝胶(CLPN)。本项研究旨在设计合成一系列具有不同官能团和结构的咪唑盐、季鏻盐离子液体单体，采用单体与交联剂在选择性溶剂中交联共聚的方法一步制备基于聚离子液体温敏性CLPN，同时探索活性聚合、种子聚合及模板聚合等方法与技术在一步法中的应用，考察交联共聚反应的规律，揭示离子液体组成、结构与CLPN温敏性之间的关系及其响应性形成机理，并拓展一步法在制备基于聚离子液体、粒径和形貌可控且具有不同刺激响应性CLPN方面的应用。探讨所制备刺激响应性CLPN在CO2固定、催化及药物控制释放等方面的应用，总结CLPN的组成、结构与性能之间的关系，为刺激响应性聚合物及功能离子液体的设计与应用提供新的方法和思路。

In recent years, stimuli-responsive polymer is one of the hot topics in polymer science, and has attracted great interest. Meanwhile, it still remains highly desirable to design and prepare novel stimuli-responsive polymer. In our previous study, reversible thermoresponsive highly cross-linked polymer nanogel (CLPN) was synthesized for the first time via the one-step cross-linking copolymerization of imidazolium-based ionic liquid monomers. Herein, different monomers and cross-linkers based on imidazolium and phosphonium ionic liquids were devised. Then CLPN with different stimuli-responses will be prepared via the one-step cross-linking copolymerization of these monomers and cross-linkers in selective solvents. The appplications of some methods and techniques into the process of one-step cross-linking copolymerization, such as living polymerization, seeded polymerization and template polymerization, will be discussed. In order to reveal the relation between the composition of ionic liquid monomers and the thermoresponse of CLPN, as well as the mechanism of the thermoresponse of CLPN, the influences of different factors on the cross-linking copolymerization will be investigated in detail. As a result, a facile one-step synthesis for the preparation of poly(ionic liquid)-based CLPN with tunable particle sizes and morphologies and different stimuli-responses will be explored. In addition, the use of CLPN in the fields of CO2 conversion, catalysis and controlled release of medicines will be also studied, and the relationship between composition, structure and properties of CLPN would be clarified. In a word, this program will provide the solution and theoretical basis for the design and applications of novel stimuli-responsive polymers and functional ionic liquids.