1.8-1.0Ma泥河湾盆地植被和气候变化及对古人类演化的影响

1.8-1.0Ma是进行环境演变及与人类演化关系研究的重要时段。此间，轨道尺度气候变率和变幅发生变化，直立人大规模迁徙。泥河湾盆地马圈沟剖面形成于约1.8-1.0Ma，含有东亚目前年代最早、持续时间最长的早更新世旧石器遗存。考古与古人类学研究认为，该剖面至少包含15个文化层，其石器技术经历了3个发展阶段。然而古环境研究相对薄弱，人类演化与环境演变的关系仍不清楚。本项目选择马圈沟剖面为研究对象，以10-20cm间隔采集剖面文化层和自然层样品，开展孢粉及粒度、有机质等常规代用指标分析，建立1.8-1.0Ma泥河湾盆地植被演替和气候变化的高分辨率时间序列，揭示不同人类演化阶段、不同文化期的植被面貌和气候特征及其相似性和差异性，探讨石器技术发展与盆地植被演替和气候变化之间的物理关联。1.8-1.0Ma泥河湾盆地植被演替与气候变化研究将为深入理解旧石器早期人类演化与环境演变的关系提供重要科学依据。

1.8-1.0Ma is an important period both for the study of vegetation and climate change and for their relationship with hominin evolution. During this period, the orbital scale of climate variability and amplitude changed obviously, hominins appeared and began to migrate on a large scale. The Majuangou section in the Nihewan Basin was formed at about 1.8-1.0Ma with about 80m in depth, and containing series of early Pleistocene Paleolithic sites with the earliest, longest lasting time and the most complete cultural sequence in East Asia at present. Based on the study of archeology and paleoanthropology, at least different 15 cultural layers and three stone technology stages can be recognized. However, the paleoenvironment research is relatively weak, and which make the relationship between human evolution and environment change remains unclear. In this project, the MajuanGou section was chosen as the research object. Samples were collected for all the section at intervals of 10-20cm including cultural layers and the natural layers. Pollen assemblage analysis and other proxy indices such as grain size, organic matter contents and geochemical element analysis were carried out to establish high resolution vegetation succession and climate change series from 1.8 to 1.0Ma in the Nihewan Basin, and then try to reveal the similarities and differences of vegetation composition and climate change characteristics in different hominin evolution stages and in different archaeological cultural periods, and discuss the physical link between the development of stone technology and the succession of vegetation and climate change. The study on vegetation succession and climate change at 1.8-1.0Ma in the Nihewan Basin will provide important scientific evidences for better understanding the relationship between hominin evolution and environmental change in the early Paleolithic period.