生态系统服务除了具有可以用货币衡量的经济价值以外，还具有无法用货币衡量的多元价值，且多元价值之间存在不可比较性和不可通约性，不能简单化约为一元经济价值。然而，传统CVM法秉持一元价值论，仅考虑了它们的经济价值，但忽视或简化了其多元不可比价值。这种价值观和方法论是导致全球环境问题的根源。本项研究采用协商式CVM方法，将环境哲学伦理学中的多元价值理论引入实证研究，将协商机制引入传统CVM法，通过多元价值量表、深度访谈和协商式焦点小组，测度生态系统服务的多元价值及其变化，分析认知与信息对多元价值的影响，挖掘不同价值主体对多元价值的态度及其福利，构建多元价值账户，探究多元价值冲突及其解决机制。不同环境价值会引发不同的环境行为，需要不同类型的环境政策加以保护和捍卫。本项研究在论证生态系统服务多元价值存在性的基础上，提取和分析我国环境政策中保护不同环境价值的条款和方式，完善我国的环境政策体系。

Except the economic value that measured by monetary unit, ecosystem service has plural values that could not be measured by monetary unit. The incomparability and incommensurability exist among these plural values, and they could not be transformed roughly into monistic money. However, because of value monism, the traditional CVM only evaluates the monistic economic value of natural capital, but ignores or simplifies the plural values. This value presumption and methodology is the root of global environmental issues. Based upon scientific and positive methodology, this research firstly will introduce the value pluralism into positive research and bring the deliberation into CVM. By plural value survey questionnaire, in-depth interview, and deliberative focus group, it will then try to measure the plural value, analyze the impacts of environmental recognition and information on plural value, and explore the attitude and welfare of different value holders. And next, it will construct a plural value account and argue the value conflicts and possible solutions. The different environmental value will lead the different environmental behavior and policy. Finally, this research will draw and analyze the clauses and methods of plural environmental values protection in China’s environment policy, and try to ameliorate China’s environmental policy system.