三江并流区宏观地貌演化与新构造运动耦合动力学的数值实验分析

宏观地貌演化与构造运动耦合动力学过程是国际地球动力学领域的前沿问题。因其典型的时空多尺度特征，导致动力学建模、长时程稳定高效并行数值模拟、关键性控制参数厘定等都十分困难，多年来未得到有效解决。三江并流区地处青藏高原东南缘，以构造抬升强烈的高海拔低起伏地貌为显著特征，是研究该科学问题的理想试验场。本项目拟以实际观测数据为基础，综合运用多学科交叉理论与方法，结合科学建模、定量数值实验分析、实际观测验证，开展该区域地貌演化与深部动力学耦合过程的机理、特征与关键控制因素的前沿探索。内容包括：1）构建地貌演化动力学过程描述方程组，优化模型关键性控制参数；2）完成大规模并行有限元数值模拟系统的开发和可靠性验证；3）开展动力学演化敏感性因子研究，量化揭示研究区构造运动、河流侵蚀、气候因素对地貌分异格局与关键过程的影响及控制程度，探讨河谷地貌与水系演变过程的宏观动力学特征及其对构造运动的耦合反馈与启示。

Several key issues on the continental tectonics and geomorphologic framework such as the uplifting and the evolution processes of Qinghai-Several key issues on the continental tectonics and geomorphologic framework such as the uplifting and the evolution processes of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau which is the highest mountain range on the earth, although widely discussed, remain unresolved. In the uplift stage of neotectonics, the region of the Three Rivers Region which belongs to the southeastern part and southeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is the high-elevation and low-relief landscape with roughly parallel drainage of the Saleen, Mekong, and Yangtze Rivers. Therefore, it is very difficult to explore the dynamic evolutionary processes and mechanism of the region only through direct field measurement and observation in short time. This project is based on the actual observation data, and combines with the remote sensing technology, to carry out a numerical study on the evolutionary processes and geodynamics of the landform in the region of the Three Rivers Region under the impact of neotectonic movement, through quantitative simulation and actual observation verification..We mainly focused on the macro evolutionary processes of the region of the Three Rivers Region. The main research contents in this study are bellows: (1) based on the dynamic theory of the geomorphic evolution, takes study on constructing reasonable descriptions and equations for solving the coupled problem of the tectonic movements and surface processes of the region of the Three Rivers Region, determines and optimizes the key model parameters, the initial conditions and the boundary conditions; (2) completes the development of the massively parallel finite element numerical simulation system and the verification of the numerical model reliability; (3) carries study on the sensitivity factor analyses especially such as tectonic movement、river erosion and climate, and takes discussion on the great influences and controlling degrees for the morphological differentiation patterns and the key evolutionary processes in the region of the Three Rivers Region, finally, makes an effort to quantitatively reveal the interactions between the tectonic movement and the river erosion in the region, investigates the dynamic mechanism of the evolutionary processes of valleys and rivers in the region and the responses and enlightenments of the tectonic activities of the southeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. .Predictable results through the comprehensive studies above, could provide important scientific basis for understanding the dynamic evolutionary processes of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. These also have great significance for evaluating the tectonic activities in the region of the Three Rivers Region, and would contribute to make up the lack of researches on the dynamic evolutionary processes in the region.