新型IME1冠状病毒的流行病学及进化和溯源分析研究

冠状病毒能够引起人类严重的疾病，致死率较高，并且作为RNA病毒，冠状病毒易于发生突变，有可能在复制和传播过程中产生其他能够引起严重疾病的毒株，因此需要对冠状病毒进行持续的研究和监控。申请人在前期对冠状病毒的研究中发现了一株来源于蝙蝠的猪高致病性冠状病毒，并对其进行了流行病学和系统发育学分析（结果发表在Nature杂志上）。最近申请人在发热待查的儿童咽拭子中首次发现了一种感染人的新型冠状病毒并命名为人类IME1冠状病毒，其流行病学、临床特征与来源均尚待研究。本研究拟在前期研究的基础上进一步筛查IME1冠状病毒的感染病例，研究其流行病学特征、病毒学特征与临床表现特征，并通过调查感染病人周边环境和传播媒介发现其传播来源，并进一步研究其传播机制。同时应用高通量测序技术得到该病毒的全基因组核酸序列，通过系统发育分析等方法阐述该病毒的来源与进化过程，最终为该病毒的防控提供研究基础和指导性意见。

Coronaviruses can cause serious human diseases with a high lethality. As a kind of RNA virus, coronaviruses are more likely to have nucleotide mutations and genome recombination. It is possible to produce a novel coronavirus which capable of causing serious diseases during the process of virus replication and transmission. Therefore, coronaviruses are worthy to research and need to be performed continuous monitoring. In a previous study, the applicant found a bat-sourced, highly pathogenic coronavirus from porcine and performed epidemiological and phylogenetic analyzes (results accepted by Nature). Another novel coronavirus infected human was first found in throat swabs from children with respiratory illness, and the virus was named as human IME1 coronavirus. The epidemiology, clinical features and sources of IME1 coronavirus are needed to be studied. Based on the previous studies, this study intends to screen more cases infected by IME1 coronavirus, to study epidemiology and clinical features using epidemiological survey and statistics methods, and to find out the sources of infection and transmission route by investigating the surroundings and infectious vectors. High-throughput sequencing method is used for get complete genome of the virus. The phylogenetic analysis is performed to figure out the source and evolution process of the virus. These results will provide the basis and guidance for coronavirus prevention and control.