肠屏障受损是术后肠麻痹、口服营养耐受性差的重要原因，可导致不良临床结局。我们研究证实肠内营养可改善肠粘膜屏障和肠麻痹，ω-3脂肪酸是免疫营养重要组成，我们前期和其他研究证实ω-3脂肪酸通过抗炎信号途径改善肠粘膜屏障，而其神经免疫途径机制不清。预试验发现DHA可增强瞬时感受器电位锚蛋白-1(TRPA1)、IL-10、WISP-1的表达，TRPA1拮抗剂可以阻断这一过程。因此，我们推测"DHA通过TRPA1参与肥大细胞-神经元串话调节IL-10/WISP-1修复术后肠麻痹肠粘膜屏障”是其改善肠屏障的新机制。我们拟采用肥大细胞缺陷鼠肠麻痹模型和细胞模型，应用RT-PCR、Western blot、非接触共培养、透射电镜等技术，从分子、细胞、组织等不同层次验证假说。本研的顺利实施为探明ω-3脂肪酸修复术后肠麻痹肠粘膜屏障的神经免疫网络机制提供新的理论，为从神经调节角度修复肠粘膜屏障提供新内容。

The damage of intestinal barrier is an important cause of postoperative ileus and poor oral tolerance, which can lead to adverse clinical outcomes. Our studies confirmed that enteral nutrition can improve intestinal mucosal barrier and postoperative ileus. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are important components of immunonutrition. Our studies and other studies confirmed thatω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can improve intestinal mucosal barrier through the anti-inflammatory signal pathway, however, it is not clear if it works through the neuroimmune pathway. The pretest results showed that DHA enhanced the expression of activate transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), IL-10 and WISP-1 in intestinal mucosa, and the TRPA1 antagonist could block this process. Therefore, we speculated that DHA repairs intestinal mucosal barrier in postoperative ileus through that TRPA1 is involved in the mast cell-neuron crosstalk to regulate IL-10/WISP-1 secretion. In the study, the model of postoperative ileus in mast cell-deficient rats and cells model will be introduced, and RT-PCR, Western blot, non-contact co-culture and transmission electron microscopy will be used to verify the hypothesis from molecular, cellular and tissue levels. The successful implementation of this research provides a new theory for identifying the neuroimmune network mechanism ofω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids repairing intestinal mucosal barrier, and provides the new contents for repairing intestinal mucosal barrier from the perspective of neuromodulation.