近年，随着国家多项鼓励社会办医的政策出台，民营基层卫生机构在数量和规模上获得较快发展；然而，围绕民营机构质量优劣的理论争论不断，实证研究也比较匮乏，不利于国家多元化办医政策的深化和执行。我们将利用标准化病人（标准化呈现病史和症状的假患者）在隐藏其真实身份的情况下，在全国7省随机抽样的1226家基层卫生机构按照正常程序就医，采集医疗质量信息，从而对比两者的医疗质量，分析其相关因素，进而分别以广义线性混合效应模型和倾向性评分匹配模型控制混杂因素后，分析基层卫生机构所有制形式与医疗质量的关系。本研究结果可丰富所有制与质量关系理论的实证基础，为国家多元化办医政策提供决策依据。项目拟向社会共享原始数据和进行了信效度验证的标准化病人评估工具，以促进相关政策研究和医疗质量的评价实践。

In recent years with a series of supporting policies by the Chinese government, the private providers in primary care has increased significantly in number and scope; however, the debate about the quality of care delivered by the private providers continues with little empirical evidence. In a bid to support China’s effort to deepen its reform in primary care, after the development and validation of a quality assessment system by using unannounced standardized patients (USP), we will deploy the USPs to 1226 primary care facilities across 7 provinces to evaluate and compare their quality of care, analyze the determinants of the quality, and finally assess the association between the ownership of health facilities and quality of care while controlling confounding factors with generalized linear mixed-effects models and propensity score matching, respectively. The study is expected to strengthen the evidence base for the debate on ownership and quality and to facilitate the policy development on private providers. The SP tool will be freely available to the public so as to promote relevant policy studies and quality evaluation practice.