均孔聚苯乙烯基纳米磷酸锆深度去除重金属的限域效应

纳米科技的发展推动了深度水处理技术的进步。将纳米颗粒(NPs)材料固定于大尺寸载体孔内是克服其易团聚、难操作、潜在环境风险等规模化水处理应用瓶颈的主要策略。物理、化学领域等基础研究表明，纳米孔限域空间内溶液理化特性、NPs成核生长等行为与开放体系显著不同，但目前鲜见水处理纳米复合材料限域行为与机制的研究报道。磷酸锆(ZrP) NPs对重金属吸附性能突出、化学性质稳定、耐酸性能优异、易再生，展现了良好的应用前景。本项目拟将ZrP负载于纳米孔聚苯乙烯小球内制备系列复合材料，探讨纳米孔内ZrP NPs晶体生长特性与机制，深入研究ZrP NPs表面化学性质的演变规律，阐明ZrP NPs与重金属相互作用的微观机制，评价溶液化学性质对复合材料选择性去除重金属性能的影响并开发材料的再生方法。本项目对于深入理解纳米复合材料净化污染物的限域特性、发展水处理纳米复合材料的构效调控方法具有重要的基础性意义。

Rapid development of nanotechnology opens a door for rational design of highly efficient water purifiers. By dispersing nanoparticles (NPs) inside bulky hosts, the drawbacks such as tendency of aggregation, difficult operation and potential risks caused by possible NPs leachate could be remedied without compromising NPs reactivity. It is widely reported that confinement inside nanopores may endow the water molecules with distinct physicochemical properties from the bulky water, thereby posing significant impacts on NPs nucleation and growth. However, the nanoconfinement effects on NPs decontamination reactivity is rarely reported. Zirconium phosphate (ZrP) are promising for decontamination of water from toxic metals due to their chemical stability and absolute insolubility in water. In this proposal, we intend to prepare millimeter-scale mesoporous polystyrene (MPS) through flash-freezing method to assemble ZrP NPs. We will investigate the effects of host pore size on nucleation and growth of the confined NPs, as well as the interaction between the confined NPs and target pollutants. Moreover, the effect of solution chemistry on toxic metal removal, and regeneration of the nanocomposite adsorbents will be studied. We anticipate that this work could stimulate more studies on the development of powerful environmental nanocomposites.